Fiji

Fiji in a nutshell

(sourced from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiji)

Fiji (Fijian: Matanitu ko Viti; Fijian Hindustani: फ़िजी), officially the Republic of the Fiji Islands (Fijian: Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti; Fijian Hindustani: फ़िजी द्वीप समूह गणराज्य, fiji dvip samooh ganarajya), is an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu. The country occupies an archipelago of about 322 islands, of which 106 are permanently inhabited, and 522 islets. The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the population.

The population is around 850,000.

The capital is Suva.

Fiji is divided into Four Major Divisions: Central, Eastern, Northern and Western. These divisions are further divided into 14 provinces.

Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the more developed of the Pacific island economies, though still with a large subsistence sector. Natural resources include timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower. Fiji experienced a period of rapid growth in the 1960s and 1970s but stagnated in the 1980s. Economic liberalization in recent years created a boom in the garment industry and a steady growth rate despite growing uncertainty of land tenure in the sugar industry. The expiration of leases for sugar cane farmers (along with reduced farm and factory efficiency) has led to a decline in sugar production despite a subsidized price.

Urbanization and expansion in the service sector have contributed to recent GDP growth. Sugar exports and a rapidly growing tourist industry — with 430,800 tourists in 2003[31] and increasing in the subsequent years — are the major sources of foreign exchange. Fiji is highly dependent on tourism for revenue. Sugar processing makes up one-third of industrial activity. Long-term problems include low investment and uncertain property rights. The political turmoil in Fiji has had a severe impact on the economy, which shrank by 2.8% in 2000 and grew by only 1% in 2001.

Fijian is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken in Fiji. It has 350 000 first-language speakers, which is less than half the population of Fiji, but another 200,000 speak it as a second language. The 1997 Constitution established Fijian as an official language of Fiji, along with English and Hindustani, and there is discussion about establishing it as the "national language", though English and Hindustani would remain official.

The Fiji Islands developed many languages, some similar and some very different. Missionaries in the 1840s chose the language of one island off the southeast of the main island of Viti Levu, to be the official language of Fiji. Standard Fijian is based on the language of Bau, which is an East Fijian language. There are many other dialects that make up the West Fijian languages including dialects spoken in the Nadroga/Navosa and those of the western island groups and provinces.

Fiji education policy

Primary school education in Fiji is compulsory for eight years. In 1998, the gross primary enrollment rate was 110.5 percent, and the net primary enrollment rate was 99.4 percent. As of 2001, attendance was decreasing due to security concerns and the burden of school fees, often due to the cost of transport.

Fiji education system

The Ministry of Education is responsible for the administration and management of education policy and delivery of educational services. It provides the curriculum frameworks, policy guidelines and directions, and qualified teaching personnel that support all schools in the delivery of quality education for students. The core business of the Ministry of Education is the delivery of education and training services with these being provided specifically to:

• schools, pre-schools and training centres
• students in the years of compulsory schooling and those participating in Forms 5, 6 and 7 studies including vocational education and training programmes
• teaching personnel
• school management and controlling authority.

For more details see http://www.education.gov.fj

There are government schools as well as private schools operated by individual groups or by missions under government supervision. In 1990, public expenditure on education was 4.6% of GDP. In the mid-1990s there were 4,644 teachers and 145,630 pupils in 693 primary schools. Secondary schools had 3,631 teachers and 66,890 students. Of these, 6,653 students were enrolled in technical and vocational schools. The pupil-teacher ratio at the primary level was 23 to 1 in 1999. In the same year, 99% of primary-school-age children were enrolled in school.

Higher education

There are four institutions of higher education in Fiji.

The Fiji-based University of the South Pacific has its campus in Suva and is financed by the 12 countries of the region. To the USP come 2,500 full-time pupils, with double this number studying by extension through local centres in the various neighbouring countries. #

Other institutes include

1. Fiji School of Medicine, in Suva
2. Fiji Institute of Technology, in Suva
3. Teachers College, in Lautoka on the western side of Viti Levu.

All third-level institutions and universities had approximately 8,000 students and a faculty staff nearing 300 personnel. Adult illiteracy rates for the year 2000 were estimated at 7.1% (males, 5.0%; females, 9.1%).

Universities in Fiji

The only one is the University of the South Pacific.

Polytechnics in Fiji

Fiji Institute of Technology, in Suva

Teachers College

Higher education reform

The Bologna Process

No information.

Virtual Campuses in HE

Interesting Virtual Campus Initiatives

See University of the South Pacific.

Re.ViCa Case-study

None.

References

1. Ministry of Education, http://www.education.gov.fj

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