Mongolia - Revision history

Pbacsich: CSV import United Nations members - Albania was done manually

2023-05-10T14:40:28Z

CSV import United Nations members - Albania was done manually

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			{{United Nations}}

Pbacsich: CSV import countries B-Z

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CSV import countries B-Z

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Pbacsich at 14:05, 28 January 2013

2013-01-28T14:05:03Z

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	''by [[Daniela Proli]] of [[SCIENTER]]''		''by [[Daniela Proli]] of [[SCIENTER]]''

	''For entities in Mongolia see [[:Category:Mongolia]]'		''For entities in Mongolia see [[:Category:Mongolia]]''

Pbacsich: usual fixes

2013-01-28T14:04:53Z

usual fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:04, 28 January 2013
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			''by [[Daniela Proli]] of [[SCIENTER]]''

			''For entities in Mongolia see [[:Category:Mongolia]]'


	== Partners and Experts in Mongolia ==		== Partners and Experts in Mongolia ==

	<!-- This should include VISCED partners in the country, or partners from other current/former relevant projects such as Re.ViCa -->		<!-- This should include VISCED partners in the country, or partners from other current/former relevant projects such as Re.ViCa -->
	<!-- as well as members of IAC and experts in universities, key ministries or agencies -->		<!-- as well as members of IAC and experts in universities, key ministries or agencies -->


	== Mongolia in a nutshell ==		== Mongolia in a nutshell ==
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	The official language of Mongolia is Khalkha Mongolian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. In the west the Kazakh and Tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The Russian language is the most frequently spoken foreign language in Mongolia, followed by English, though English has been gradually replacing Russian as the second language.[citation needed] Korean has gained popularity as tens of thousands of Mongolians work in South Korea.[30] Interest in Chinese, as the language of the other neighbouring power, has been growing. Japanese is also popular among the younger people. A number of older educated Mongolians speak some German, as they studied in the former East Germany, while a few speak other languages from the former Eastern Bloc. Besides that, many younger Mongolians are fluent in the Western European languages as they study or work in foreign countries including [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Italy]].		The official language of Mongolia is Khalkha Mongolian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. In the west the Kazakh and Tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The Russian language is the most frequently spoken foreign language in Mongolia, followed by English, though English has been gradually replacing Russian as the second language.[citation needed] Korean has gained popularity as tens of thousands of Mongolians work in South Korea.[30] Interest in Chinese, as the language of the other neighbouring power, has been growing. Japanese is also popular among the younger people. A number of older educated Mongolians speak some German, as they studied in the former East Germany, while a few speak other languages from the former Eastern Bloc. Besides that, many younger Mongolians are fluent in the Western European languages as they study or work in foreign countries including [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Italy]].


	== Education in Mongolia ==		== Education in Mongolia ==
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	The system in place for lower-level education in Mongolia has been similar to the one used during communist times, though the government has begun reforms to expand it. The original system included four years of compulsory schooling followed by a further four years of compulsory lower-secondary education. There were then two years of upper-secondary non-compulsory education that either have a vocational, technical, or general education focus.[2] The expansion, began in 2004 with the official school entry age dropping from age 8 to 7. A further expansion is set to take place in 2008 with the entry grade-level dropping one more year to age 6. The goal is to have a 12 year, 6-4-2, system for primary and secondary education.[3]		The system in place for lower-level education in Mongolia has been similar to the one used during communist times, though the government has begun reforms to expand it. The original system included four years of compulsory schooling followed by a further four years of compulsory lower-secondary education. There were then two years of upper-secondary non-compulsory education that either have a vocational, technical, or general education focus.[2] The expansion, began in 2004 with the official school entry age dropping from age 8 to 7. A further expansion is set to take place in 2008 with the entry grade-level dropping one more year to age 6. The goal is to have a 12 year, 6-4-2, system for primary and secondary education.[3]


	== Schools in Mongolia ==		== Schools in Mongolia ==
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	In Ulaanbaatar, there are several private secondary schools that have instruction in English and Mongolian, and just a few that have English-only instruction.		In Ulaanbaatar, there are several private secondary schools that have instruction in English and Mongolian, and just a few that have English-only instruction.


	== Further and Higher education ==		== Further and Higher education ==


	=== Universities in Mongolia ===		=== Universities in Mongolia ===
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	=== Colleges in Mongolia ===		=== Colleges in Mongolia ===



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	== Education reform ==		== Education reform ==



	=== Schools ===		=== Schools ===
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	In concluding what VSO Mongolia achieved in its education programme over the last 20 years, the report showed that international volunteers have and continue to make a significant impact in the development of the education sector. Stakeholders who took part in this research generally held a positive view of the role and influence of the international volunteers, with 67% of respondents regarding them as having played a crucial role in education. While just over half of respondents had experience of working with international volunteers, 94% of all respondents were willing to work with them in the future. At this stage in Mongolia’s development, the relevance and impact of international volunteering was highlighted when addressing these challenges and future priorities in taking the education sector forward to achieve its ultimate goal of Education for All.		In concluding what VSO Mongolia achieved in its education programme over the last 20 years, the report showed that international volunteers have and continue to make a significant impact in the development of the education sector. Stakeholders who took part in this research generally held a positive view of the role and influence of the international volunteers, with 67% of respondents regarding them as having played a crucial role in education. While just over half of respondents had experience of working with international volunteers, 94% of all respondents were willing to work with them in the future. At this stage in Mongolia’s development, the relevance and impact of international volunteering was highlighted when addressing these challenges and future priorities in taking the education sector forward to achieve its ultimate goal of Education for All.




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	==== The Bologna Process ====		==== The Bologna Process ====




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	Mongolia’s educational administrative structure is organized with MECS as the national and central authoritative body, followed by subsequent administrative bodies, such as aimags (provinces) education boards, sums (districts) education offices, and school councils. At the district level (sums), the administrative office of the sum governor is responsible for appointing directors of schools and and overseeing school management.		Mongolia’s educational administrative structure is organized with MECS as the national and central authoritative body, followed by subsequent administrative bodies, such as aimags (provinces) education boards, sums (districts) education offices, and school councils. At the district level (sums), the administrative office of the sum governor is responsible for appointing directors of schools and and overseeing school management.


	=== Post-secondary ===		=== Post-secondary ===
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	The vision of the eMongolia National Program for 2012 was to establish the information society and the foundation of the Knowledge based society in Mongolia by enhancing extensive application of ICT in all society sectors. The program is the Government mid-term strategy for ICT development and is desigend around 22 sub-strategies, one of those is e-education strategy		The vision of the eMongolia National Program for 2012 was to establish the information society and the foundation of the Knowledge based society in Mongolia by enhancing extensive application of ICT in all society sectors. The program is the Government mid-term strategy for ICT development and is desigend around 22 sub-strategies, one of those is e-education strategy


	== ICT in education initiatives ==		== ICT in education initiatives ==
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	* Self-learners on above mentioned fields		* Self-learners on above mentioned fields
	* School dropped children and others		* School dropped children and others


	=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===		=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===
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	Given the consolidated experience, they might be easily built in the future once the costs drop down.		Given the consolidated experience, they might be easily built in the future once the costs drop down.


	=== Notable practices ===		=== Notable practices ===
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	[http://www.unescobkk.org/education/ict/themes/policy/regional-country-overviews/mongolia/ Unesco Office in Bangkok: Mongolia]		[http://www.unescobkk.org/education/ict/themes/policy/regional-country-overviews/mongolia/ Unesco Office in Bangkok: Mongolia]

	----		----

	> [[Countries]]		> [[Countries]]
	<br>		<br>
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	[[Category:Mongolia\| ]]		[[Category:Mongolia\| ]]
	[[Category:Asia]]		[[Category:Asia]]
			[[Category:East Asia]]

	[[Category:Countries with Programmes]]		[[Category:Countries with Programmes]]
	[[Category:Countries in merged template]]		[[Category:Countries in merged template]]

			[[Category:Tier 2]]

	[[Category:VISCED]]		[[Category:VISCED]]

Daniela Proli: /* Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education */

2012-07-06T08:38:36Z

Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:38, 6 July 2012
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	See the [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]] - but there is doubt as to how active this is.		See the [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]] - but there is doubt as to how active this is.


	== Lessons learnt ==		== Lessons learnt ==

NikkiCortoos: changed template a bit

2012-06-27T09:31:05Z

changed template a bit

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:31, 27 June 2012
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	== Partners ~~situated~~ in Mongolia ==		== Partners and Experts in Mongolia ==

	~~== Experts situated in Country~~ ==

	<!-- This should include VISCED partners in the country, or partners from other current/former relevant projects such as Re.ViCa -->		<!-- This should include VISCED partners in the country, or partners from other current/former relevant projects such as Re.ViCa -->
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	The official language of Mongolia is Khalkha Mongolian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. In the west the Kazakh and Tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The Russian language is the most frequently spoken foreign language in Mongolia, followed by English, though English has been gradually replacing Russian as the second language.[citation needed] Korean has gained popularity as tens of thousands of Mongolians work in South Korea.[30] Interest in Chinese, as the language of the other neighbouring power, has been growing. Japanese is also popular among the younger people. A number of older educated Mongolians speak some German, as they studied in the former East Germany, while a few speak other languages from the former Eastern Bloc. Besides that, many younger Mongolians are fluent in the Western European languages as they study or work in foreign countries including [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Italy]].		The official language of Mongolia is Khalkha Mongolian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. In the west the Kazakh and Tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The Russian language is the most frequently spoken foreign language in Mongolia, followed by English, though English has been gradually replacing Russian as the second language.[citation needed] Korean has gained popularity as tens of thousands of Mongolians work in South Korea.[30] Interest in Chinese, as the language of the other neighbouring power, has been growing. Japanese is also popular among the younger people. A number of older educated Mongolians speak some German, as they studied in the former East Germany, while a few speak other languages from the former Eastern Bloc. Besides that, many younger Mongolians are fluent in the Western European languages as they study or work in foreign countries including [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Italy]].

	== Mongolia ~~education system~~ ==		== Education in Mongolia ==

	source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Mongolia		source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Mongolia
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	Primary and secondary education formerly lasted ten years, but was expanded to eleven years. Since the 2008-2009 school year, new first graders are using the twelve year system. As such, full transition to the twelve year system will not happen until the 2019-2020 school year, when the current first graders graduate.		Primary and secondary education formerly lasted ten years, but was expanded to eleven years. Since the 2008-2009 school year, new first graders are using the twelve year system. As such, full transition to the twelve year system will not happen until the 2019-2020 school year, when the current first graders graduate.

	from ~~wikipedia~~		from Wikipedia

	Mongolia's education system has undergone major changes in the past century. The educational reforms during communist times were a stark break with traditional education that was often religious and esoteric. These reforms were modeled on Soviet education systems and greatly expanded access to education for Mongolian citizens. Among the changes was a transition from the traditional Mongolian script, from 1941 to 1946, to the Cyrillic alphabet. Literacy was also greatly expanded as most of the population enjoyed free primary school. However, the move to democracy and free markets in the 1990s has had some negative impacts on education in Mongolia, though these setbacks have been ameliorated some by an improving economy and policy reforms. Many adults also benefit from the non-formal distance education programs sponsored by the government in conjunction with foreign NGOs in Mongolia. Today education in Mongolia is overseen by the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science.		Mongolia's education system has undergone major changes in the past century. The educational reforms during communist times were a stark break with traditional education that was often religious and esoteric. These reforms were modeled on Soviet education systems and greatly expanded access to education for Mongolian citizens. Among the changes was a transition from the traditional Mongolian script, from 1941 to 1946, to the Cyrillic alphabet. Literacy was also greatly expanded as most of the population enjoyed free primary school. However, the move to democracy and free markets in the 1990s has had some negative impacts on education in Mongolia, though these setbacks have been ameliorated some by an improving economy and policy reforms. Many adults also benefit from the non-formal distance education programs sponsored by the government in conjunction with foreign NGOs in Mongolia. Today education in Mongolia is overseen by the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science.

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	The system in place for lower-level education in Mongolia has been similar to the one used during communist times, though the government has begun reforms to expand it. The original system included four years of compulsory schooling followed by a further four years of compulsory lower-secondary education. There were then two years of upper-secondary non-compulsory education that either have a vocational, technical, or general education focus.[2] The expansion, began in 2004 with the official school entry age dropping from age 8 to 7. A further expansion is set to take place in 2008 with the entry grade-level dropping one more year to age 6. The goal is to have a 12 year, 6-4-2, system for primary and secondary education.[3]		The system in place for lower-level education in Mongolia has been similar to the one used during communist times, though the government has begun reforms to expand it. The original system included four years of compulsory schooling followed by a further four years of compulsory lower-secondary education. There were then two years of upper-secondary non-compulsory education that either have a vocational, technical, or general education focus.[2] The expansion, began in 2004 with the official school entry age dropping from age 8 to 7. A further expansion is set to take place in 2008 with the entry grade-level dropping one more year to age 6. The goal is to have a 12 year, 6-4-2, system for primary and secondary education.[3]

	== Schools in ~~Country~~ ==		== Schools in Mongolia ==

	source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Mongolia		source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Mongolia
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	=== Post-secondary ===		=== Post-secondary ===

	== Higher education reform ==		==== Higher education reform ====

	=== The Bologna Process ===		==== The Bologna Process ====


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	=== Post-secondary ===		=== Post-secondary ===

	== Quality assurance ==		== Quality assurance, inspection and accreditation ==

	=== Schools ===		=== Schools ===
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	Other relevant initiatives can be found at http://www.literacyportal.net/artc/mongolia.html		Other relevant initiatives can be found at http://www.literacyportal.net/artc/mongolia.html

	==~~[http://www.elearning.mn/~~ Internet Based Distance Education Project]==		====Internet Based Distance Education Project====

	In 2001 the [http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Pages/default.aspx International Development Research Centre of Canada (IDRC)] funded the [http://www.elearning.mn/ Internet Based Distance Education Project] in Mongolia. The project initiated selected Mongolian institutions into the processes of research, development and experimentation with web-based instruction methods and technologies for distance education. In particular, the project aimed at introducing internet-based distance education methodology and experiemet it to selected mongolian learning communities. The project offered experimental web-based instructional courses on specific subjects such as English language, IT and computer skills, gender issues and legal rights.		In 2001 the [http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Pages/default.aspx International Development Research Centre of Canada (IDRC)] funded the [http://www.elearning.mn/ Internet Based Distance Education Project] in Mongolia. The project initiated selected Mongolian institutions into the processes of research, development and experimentation with web-based instruction methods and technologies for distance education. In particular, the project aimed at introducing internet-based distance education methodology and experiemet it to selected mongolian learning communities. The project offered experimental web-based instructional courses on specific subjects such as English language, IT and computer skills, gender issues and legal rights.
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	=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===		=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===

	[http://www.must.edu.mn/must_en/modules.php?R_Id=28 E-Open school of Mongolian University of Science and Technology] offer advanced training courses (as well as bachelor and master courses) through distance education		[http://www.must.edu.mn/must_en/modules.php?R_Id=28 E-Open school of Mongolian University of Science and Technology] offer advanced training courses (as well as bachelor and master courses) through distance education.

	~~== Virtual Campuses in HE ==~~

	~~=== Interesting Virtual Campus Initiatives ===~~



	~~=== Interesting Programmes ===~~

	See the [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]] - but there is doubt as to how active this is.		See the [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]] - but there is doubt as to how active this is.


	~~=== Re.ViCa Case-study ===~~

	~~None.~~

	== Lessons learnt ==		== Lessons learnt ==
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	[[Category:Countries with Programmes]]		[[Category:Countries with Programmes]]
			[[Category:Countries in merged template]]
			[[Category:VISCED]]

Daniela Proli: /* General lessons */

2012-06-13T17:21:26Z

General lessons

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:21, 13 June 2012
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	=== General lessons ===		=== General lessons ===

			Several experiences exist in distance education, especially in order to come up with drop out in rural areas and ensure universal coverage of education. Also interest can be found in the literature on the issue of ICT integration in Education. However distance education is not yet much supported by the web due to infrastructural shortage and there are no virtual schools and online learning programme at school level.

			Given the consolidated experience, they might be easily built in the future once the costs drop down.

	=== Notable practices ===		=== Notable practices ===

Daniela Proli: /* References */

2012-06-13T17:14:34Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:14, 13 June 2012
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	== References ==		== References ==

	~~Ministry of Education, Culture and Sciences~~ http://www.mecs.gov.mn/lang-English.mw		[http://www.mecs.gov.mn/lang-English.mw Ministry of Education, Culture and Sciences]

	[http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/721/1234 Brenda McDonald, Appropriate Distance Education Media in the Philippines and Mongolia]		[http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/viewArticle/721/1234 Brenda McDonald, Appropriate Distance Education Media in the Philippines and Mongolia]

Daniela Proli: /* References */

2012-06-13T17:14:09Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:14, 13 June 2012
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	[http://76.12.54.203/work/openaccess/assets/Open%20Access%20-%20Mongolia.pdf Batchuluun Yembuu Open And Distance Education In Mongolia: Possible Relevance of Open Access]		[http://76.12.54.203/work/openaccess/assets/Open%20Access%20-%20Mongolia.pdf Batchuluun Yembuu Open And Distance Education In Mongolia: Possible Relevance of Open Access]

			[http://www.unescobkk.org/education/ict/themes/policy/regional-country-overviews/mongolia/ Unesco Office in Bangkok: Mongolia]
	----		----
	> [[Countries]]		> [[Countries]]

Daniela Proli: /* Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education */

2012-06-13T17:11:41Z

Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:11, 13 June 2012
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	=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===		=== Virtual initiatives in post-secondary education ===

	[http://www.must.edu.mn/must_en/modules.php?R_Id=28 E-Open school of Mongolian University of Science and Technology]		[http://www.must.edu.mn/must_en/modules.php?R_Id=28 E-Open school of Mongolian University of Science and Technology] offer advanced training courses (as well as bachelor and master courses) through distance education

	== Virtual Campuses in HE ==		== Virtual Campuses in HE ==