Virtual Education Wiki - User contributions [en]

Programmes

2009-08-16T16:29:06Z

Rcsharma: /* Rest of the World */

''The following list includes the lists of institutions which [[The e-University Compendium]] and the UNESCO [http://www.unesco.org/iiep/virtualuniversity/linksliste.php IIEP List] feel are worthy of consideration as virtual universities. In the next phase, we have also included many of the accredited open universities around the world, and virtual elearning initiatives mentioned in other research projects or relevant sources of information.'' You can have a look at our [[original list of programmes.]] For various sources of information please check our [[Publications]] Page

We present the interesting programmes here as European versus Rest of The World. We appreciate that reaching a common agreement as to what constitutes ‘Europe’ is quite a complex task and one which reaches beyond the boundaries of a European Project like Re.ViCa. We have therefore taken the decision as a project team to use a definition of Europe that fits between a narrow definition of Europe as being made up of the 27 member states of the European Union and the broader geographic definition of Europe. We define Europe for the purposes of our work in Re.ViCa as including the countries of the EU, EEA and Switzerland. This means that the ‘Rest of the World’ refers to all countries which do not fall within this definition of Europe. Each Notable e-Learning Initiative is categorized and you can find per entry, to what category they belong. If you click on the category, you can find all other initiatives that belong to that category. You can find for example all "private providers" or "national initiatives".

== European (in the sense of EU, EEA and Switzerland) ==
# [[Aalborg University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Aarhus University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Academy of Performing Arts in Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie]], [[AUF]], [[France]]
# [[AKAD Privat-Hochschulen]], [[Germany]]
# [[Apertus Foundation]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
# [[Athens University of Economics and Business]], [[Greece]]
# [[Bavarian Virtual University]] ([[Virtuelle Universität Bayern]]), [[Germany]]
# [[BI Norwegian School of Management]], [[Norway]]
# [[Budapest University of Technology and Economics]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Bulgarian Virtual University]] ([[BVU]]), [[Bulgaria]]
# [[Business Academy West]], [[Denmark]]
# [[CAmpus Numerique en Economie-GEstion]] ([[CANEGE]]), [[France]]
# [[Campus Numériques Français - Part 2 : ENT]], [[France]]
# [[Campus Numériques Français - Part1]], [[France]]
# [[Canal U]], [[France]]
# [[Central European University]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Centre National d'Enseignement à Distance]] ([[CNED]]), [[France]]
#[[Centro estudios financieros]], [[Spain]]
# [[Clyde Virtual University]] ([[CVU]]), [[Scotland]]
# [[College of European and Regional Studies]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[College of Nursing and Midwifery]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Copenhagen University College of Engineering]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Czech Technical University in Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Danish Virtual University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Dennis Gabor Applied University]] ([[DGAU]]), [[Hungary]]
# [[Distance and International Study Center]] ([[DISC]]), TU Kaiserslautern, [[Germany]]
# [[Distance Education Study Centre]] ([[DESC]]), [[Latvia]]
# [[Dublin City University]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Dutch Digital University]], ([[DDU]])
# [[E-Campus Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[EDEN]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Engineering College of Aarhus]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Eötvös Lóránt University]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Erasmus University College Brussels]], ([[EhB]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Estonian Business School Open University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-Learning Development Centre]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-Vocational School]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian Information Technology Foundation]], [[EITSA]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Eszterházy Károly College]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Europäische Fernhochschule Hamburg]] [[Germany]]
# [[European University Viadrina]], [[Germany]]
# [[Fédération Interuniversitaire de l'Enseignement à Distance]] - [[FIED]]
# [[Fernfachhochschule Schweiz]], [[Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences]], [[FFHS]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[FernUniversität Hagen]], [[Germany]]
# [[Finnish Online University of Applied Sciences]], [[VirtuaaliAMK]], [[Finland]]
# [[Finnish Virtual University]], [[FVU]], [[Finland]]
# [[The Foundation Fernstudien Schweiz]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[Ghent University Association]] ([[AUGent]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Ghent University]] ([[UGent]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Global Virtual University]] - and see in particular [[University of Agder]], [[Norway]]
# [[Gotland University]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Greek Pedagogical Institute]]
# [[Guglielmo Marconi Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[Hamburger Fernhochschule]] [[Germany]]
# [[Hellenic Open University]] ([[HOU]]), [[Greece]]
# [[Henley Management College]], [[England]]
# [[Hibernia College]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Hochschulverbund Virtuelle Fachhochschule]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[Instituto de formación de postgrado]], [[Spain]]
# [[Interactive University]], [[Scotland]]
# [[Intercultural Open University]], the [[Netherlands]]
# [[International Business Academy]] ([[IBA]]), [[Denmark]]
# [[International Telematic University UNINETTUNO]], [[Italy]]
# [[International University of Andalusia]], [[Spain]]
# [[IT University West]], [[Denmark]]
# [[IT-University of Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Jutland University College]], [[Denmark]]
# [[KHiS]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Klagenfurt University]], [[Austria]]
# [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]], [[Sweden]]
# [[learndirect]], [[UK]]
# [[Leidse Onderwijsinstellingen]], [[LOI]], [[Netherlands]]
# [[Lithuanian Virtual University]], [[Lithuania]]
# [[Lübeck University of Applied Sciences]], [[Germany]]
# [[Lund University]] NetUniversity, [[Sweden]]
# [[Mediterranean Network of Universities]]
# [[MegaTrends]], [[Hungary]]
# [[METID-Politecnico di Milano]], [[Italy]]
# [[Middlesex University]] Global Campus, [[UK]]
# [[Mid Sweden University]]
# [[MTA SZTAKI Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences]], [[Hungary]]
# [[National College for School Leadership]] ([[NCSL]]) of the [[UK]]
# [[NBPortal.pl]], [[Poland]]
# [[NETTUNO]], [[Italy]]
# [[Networked University]], [[Norway]] - the same as the [[Norwegian Networked University]]
# [[NHSU]], the ''National Health Service University'', [[UK]]
# [[NKI Internet College]], [[Norway]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[NKS Nettstudier]], [[Norway]]
# [[Norway Opening Universities]] ([[NOU]]) - an agency - [[Norway]]
# [[Norwegian Networked University]] ([[NVU]]) - a universities association - [[Norway]]
# [[oncampus]], [[Germany]]
# [[Open Estonia Foundation]], [[OEF]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Open Universiteit Nederland]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Open University of Cyprus]] (OUC), [[Cyprus]]
# [[Open University]] of the [[United Kingdom]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[OSCAIL]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Pandeion University for Social and Political Sciences]], [[Greece]]
# [[Pegaso Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[Peoples Open Access Educational Initiative]] ([[Peoples-uni]]), [[UK]]
# [[Polish Virtual University]], [[PUW]], [[Poland]]
# [[Robert Gordon University]], [[Scotland]]
# [[Roskilde University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Scottish Knowledge]], [[UK]]
# [[Scuola IaD]], [[Italy]]
# [[Sheffield Hallam University]], [[UK]]
# [[Silesian University of Technology]], [[Poland]]
# [[Sør-Trøndelag University College]], [[Norway]]
# [[SPACE]], [[Belgium]]
# [[Staffordshire University]], [[UK]]
# [[Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava‎]], [[Romania]]
# [[Sulinet Digital Knowledge Base]], [[SDT]] [[Hungary]]
# [[Swedish Net University]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Swiss Virtual Campus]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[SZÁMALK Education and Information Technology Ltd.]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Tallinn University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Tallinn University of Technology]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Technical University of Graz]], [[Austria]]
# [[The Global university system]], [[Finland]]
# [[The National & Kapodistrian University of Athens]], [[Greece]]
# [[Tiger Leap Foundation]], [[TLF]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Tiger University Program]], [[Estonia]]
# [[UHI Millennium Institute]], [[Scotland]]
# [[UKeU]], [[UK]]
# [[Universidad a distancia de Madrid]], [[Spain]]
# [[Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia]] ([[UNED]]), [[Spain]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Universidade Aberta]], [[Uab]], [[Portugal]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Universidade Católica Portuguesa]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade de Aveiro]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade do Minho]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade do Porto]] ([[UP]]), [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidad Politécnica de Madrid]] ([[UPM]]), [[Spain]]
# [[Universitat Oberta de Catalunya]], [[Catalonia]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Université Virtuelle en Pays de la Loire ]], [[France]]
# [[Université Virtuelle Francophone]] ([[Virtual Francophone University]])
# [[Universités numériques en région]] ([[UNR]]), [[France]]
# [[Universités Numériques Thématiques]] ([[UNT]]), [[France]]
# [[University College Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College Lillebaelt]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College of Northern Denmark]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College Sealand]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College South]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of the Aegean]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Agder]], [[Norway]]
# [[University of Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of Gavle]], [[Sweden]]
# [[University of Granada]], [[Spain]]
# [[University of Hradec Kralove]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[University of Ioannina]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]], [[Canary Islands]], [[Spain]]
# [[University of Liverpool]] Online Education [[UK]]
# [[University of Macedonia in Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Miskolc]], [[Hungary]]
# [[University of Oslo]], [[Norway]]
# [[University of Piraeus]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering]], [[FEUP]], [[Portugal]]
# [[University of Southern Denmark]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of Tartu]], [[Estonia]]
# [[University of Thessaly]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of the West of Scotland]], [[UK]]
# [[University of Ulster]] Campus One, [[Northern Ireland]], [[UK]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[University of Urbino "Carlo Bo"]], [[Italy]]
# [[University of West Hungary]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel]] ([[VUB]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Warsaw University Centre for Open and Multimedia Education]] ([[COME]] ), [[Poland]]
# [[Wilhelm Büchner Hochschule]], [[Germany]]
# [[Zentralstelle für Fernstudien an Fachhochschulen]] ([[ZFH]]), [[Germany]]

=== Virtual Campuses (VC) supported by the European Commission ===

==== Running projects (until end of 2009)====
# [[E-learning in Distributed Data Network Laboratory]] ([[EdiNet]])
# [[European Teachers and Trainers campus]] ([[eTT.Campus]])
# [[History On Line]]
# [[OIKODOMOS: a virtual campus to promote the study of dwelling in contemporary Europe]]
# [[Virtual Campus for A Sustainable Europe]] ([[VCSE]])
# [[Virtual Campus for Digital Students]] ([[ViCaDiS]])
# [[Virtual Campus for SMEs in a Multicultural Milieu]]
# [[Virtual Campus on Post-master Studies in Architecture]] ([[e-archidoct]])
# [[Web-based health Organisations Learning Environment]] ([[WHOLE]])

==== Ceased activities ====
# [[European Master in Comparative Urban Studies]] ([[e-URBs]])

==== Virtual Campus beyond EU Funding ====
# [[European Virtual Campus for Biomedical Engineering]] ([[EVICAB]]):The project was funded by the European Commission for two years from 1.1.2006 till 31.12.2007. At present the funding id provided by other sources.
# [[League of European Research Universities virtual campus]] ([[e-LERU]])
# [[Law & ICT Shared Virtual Campus]] ([[LAW&ICT]])

==== Ceased? ====
# [[Bio-eTrain]]
# [[Multiple intelligences instructional design framework for virtual classes]]
# [[Reuse and Sharing of e-Learning Courses in GI Science Education]] ([[eduGI]])
# [[VIrtual campus for virtual space design Provided for european Architects]] ([[VIPA]])
# [[New e-learning Environment for European SME's Employees]] ([[CREATEL]])
# [[Virtual COPERNICUS-CAMPUS]]
# [[Virtual European Banking School]] ([[VEBS]])
# [[ICT Platform for Online Learning and Experiences Accreditation in the Mobility Programme]] ([[PLATO]])
# [[Erasmus Virtual Economics & Management Studies Exchange]] ([[EVENE]])

== Rest of the World ==

# [[Africa University Virtual Classroom]], [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[African Virtual University]] ([[AVU]])
# [[Al-Balqa' Applied University]], [[Jordan]]
# [[Allama Iqbal Open University]] ([[AIOU]]), [[Pakistan]]
# [[Almaty Technological University]], [[Kazakhstan]]
# [[Al-Quds Open University]], [[Palestine]]
# [[Al-Quds University]], [[Palestine]]
# [[American InterContinental University]] ([[AIU]]), [[US]]
# [[Amur State University]], [[Russia]]
# [[Anadolu University]], [[Turkey]]
# [[Anna Maria College]], [[US]]
# [[Arab American University for Distance Learning]], [[Jordan]] - not operational?
# [[Arab Open University]] ([[AOU]])
# [[ASEAN Virtual University]]
# [[Asia International Open University]] (AIOU), [[Macao]]
# [[Assumption University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Athabasca University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Auckland University of Technology]] ([[AUT]]), [[New Zealand]]
# [[Australian Catholic University]]
# [[Australian National University]]
# [[Bangalore University]], [[India]]
# [[Bangladesh Open University]] ([[BOU]])
# [[Bankit University Teledukasi‎]], [[Indonesia]]
# [[BCcampus]], [[Canada]]
# [[Beijing Foreign Studies University]] ([[BFSU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beijing Normal University]] ([[BNU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beijing Radio & TV University]] ([[BTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beirut University Online]], [[Lebanon]]
# [[Best Virtual Universities Organisation]] - an intriguing association with a seemingly close relationship to UNESCO IIEP
# [[British Columbia Open University]] ([[BCOU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[California Virtual Campus]] ([[CVC]]), [[US]]
# [[California Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[Campus Numerique Francophone de Dakar]], [[Senegal]]
# [[Campus Virtual de Salud Publica]]
# [[Canadian Virtual University]] ([[CVU]])
# [[Capella University]], [[US]]
# [[Cardean University]], [[US]] - merged into Ellis College
# [[Carleton University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Carnegie Mellon University]], [[US]]
# [[Cederj]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Charles Sturt University]] ([[CSU]]), [[Australia]]
# [[China Central Radio & TV University]] ([[CCRTVU]])
# [[Chinhoyi University of Technology]], [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[Colorado University Online]], [[US]]
# [[Colorado Community Colleges Online]], [[US]]
# [[Corinthian Colleges]], [[US]]
# [[Curtin University of Technology]], [[Australia]]
# [[CVA-RICESU]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Cyber U]], [[Hong Kong]]
# [[Deakin University]], [[Australia]]
# [[DeVry University]], [[US]]
# [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University]] ([[BRAOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Drexel University Online]], [[US]]
# [[Duke University]], [[US]]
# [[Dunia Moja]],[[South Africa]]
# [[DUOC UC]], [[Chile]]
# [[Early Childhood Development Virtual University]] ([[ECDVU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[e-Berkeley]], [[US]]
# [[eCampus Alberta]], [[Canada]]
# [[eChina]] e-learning collaboration between [[UK]] and [[China]]
# [[ECOESAD]], [[Mexico]]
# [[e-Cornell]], [[US]]
# [[Edith Cowan University]], [[Australia]]
# [[Egyptian E-Learning University]]
# [[e-Learnz]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[e-TQM College]], [[Dubai]] - see [[Hamdan Bin Mohammed e-University]]
# [[Euclid University]]
# [[Ewha Womans University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Faculdade Pitágoras]], [[Brazil]]
# [[FATECE]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Fathom.com]], [[US]]
# [[FGV Online]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Fisheries College, Bac Ninh]] ([[FC]]), [[Vietnam]]
# [[Florida Community College]], [[US]]
# [[FUNIBER Virtual Campus]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Gama Virtual Campus UGF]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Georgia G.L.O.B.E.]], [[US]]
# [[Georgia Virtual Technical College]], [[US]]
# [[Global University Alliance]] - several meanings
# [[Hanoi Open University]], [[Vietnam]]
# [[Hanyang Cyber University]] ([[HYCU]]), [[Korea]]
# [[Harvard University Extension School]], [[US]]
# [[Hashemite University]], [[Jordan]]
# [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]]
# [[Henan Radio & TV University]] ([[HNRTVU]])
# [[Ho Chi Minh City Open University]] ([[HCMCOU]]), [[Vietnam]]
# [[Hong Kong Polytechnic University]] Cyber U
# [[Hong Kong University]] - high-echelon but possible
# [[ictQATAR]], [[Qatar]]
# [[Idaho Electronic Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Illinois Virtual Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Independent Study in Idaho]], [[US]]
# [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Inner Mongolia Radio & TV University]] ([[IMRTVU]])
# [[Institute of Information Technology]] ([[Vietnam]])
# [[Institute of Distance and Continuing Education]], [[Guyana, South America]]
# Instituto Technologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey - see [[Tecnológico de Monterrey]]
# [[International Cyber University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Iranian Virtual University]]
# [[Isfehan Virtual University]] ([[Iran]])
# [[Jiangsu Radio & TV University]] ([[JSRTVU]])
# [[Jones International University]], [[US]]
# [[K. K. Handique State University]], [[India]]
# [[Kaplan College]], [[US]]
# [[Karnataka State Open University]] ([[KSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Keio University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Keller Graduate School of Management]], [[US]]
# [[Kentucky Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[Kenyatta University]], [[Kenya]]
# [[Knowledge International University]], [[Saudi Arabia]]
# [[Korea National Open University]] ([[KNOU]])
# [[Korea Virtual Campus]]
# [[Kota Open University]], [[India]] -- see [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]]
# [[Kuban Institute of International Business and Management]], [[Russia]]
# [[Lakehead University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Lansbridge University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Laureate Education]], [[USA]]
# [[Laurentian University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Lehigh University]], [[USA]]
# [[Mackenzie Presbyterian University]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University]] ([[MPBOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Massey University]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Mediterranean Virtual University]]
# [[Michigan State University]], [[US]]
# [[Michigan Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[MIT]], [[US]]
# [[Modern University of the Humanities]], [[Russia]]
# [[Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics]] ([[MESI]]), Russia
# [[Mount Royal College]], [[Canada]]
# [[Multimedia University]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Nalanda Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Nanyang Technological University]], [[Singapore]]
# [[National Open University of Nigeria]]
# [[National Open University]], [[Taiwan]]
# [[National Science and Technology Program for e-Learning in Taiwan]]
# [[National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning]] ([[NPTEL]]), [[India]]
# [[National University of Science and Technology]] ([[NUST]]), [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[National University of Singapore]]
# [[Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University]] ([[NMMU]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[Netaji Subhas Open University]] ([[NSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[NetVarsity]], [[India]]
# [[New Jersey Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[NextEd]]
# [[North-West University]] ([[NWU]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[Nova Southeastern University]], [[US]]
# [[Old Dominion University]], [[US]]
# [[Online CSU]], [[US]]
# [[Online University Consortium]] ([[OUC]]), [[US]]
# [[Open Learning Agency]] ([[OLA]]), [[Canada]]
# [[Open Polytechnic of New Zealand]]
# [[Open Training and Education Network]] ([[OTEN]]), [[Australia]]
# [[Open Universities Australia]] -- formerly Open Learning Australia
# [[Open University for Adults]] ([[UAPA]]), [[Dominican Republic]]
# [[Open University of Brazil]] - a.k.a. [[Universidade Aberta do Brasil]]
# [[Open University of Hong Kong]] ([[OUHK]])
# [[Open University of Israel]] ([[OUI]])
# [[Open University of Japan]] ([[OUJ]])
# [[Open University of Libya]]
# [[Open University of Malaysia]]
# [[Open University of Sri Lanka]] ([[OUSL]])
# [[Open University of Sudan]] ([[OUS]])
# [[Open University of Tanzania]] ([[OUT]])
# [[Orenburg State University‎]], [[Russia]]
# [[Otago University]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Pakistan Virtual University]]
# [[Payame Noor University]] ([[PNU]]), [[Iran]]
# [[Penn State World Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Phnom Penh International University]], [[Cambodia]]
# [[Polivirtual]], [[Mexico]]
# [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]] ([[PUP OUS]]), [[Philippines]]
# [[Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University]] ([[PSSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Punjab Technical University Virtual Campus]], [[India]]
# [[PurpleTrain.com]]
# [[Queen's University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Queensland University of Technology]] ([[QUT]]), [[Australia]]
# [[Ramkhamhaeng University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Regis University]], [[US]]
# [[Rey Juan Carlos University]] ([[URJC]]), [[Spain]]
# [[Rio Salado College]], [[US]]
# [[RMIT]], [[Australia]]
# [[Royal Roads University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Ryerson University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Samtse College of Education]], [[Bhutan]]
# [[Savannah College of Art and Design]], [[US]]
# [[School of the Future]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Seoul Digital University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Shaanxi Radio & TV University]] ([[SXRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shanghai TV University]] ([[STVU]] or [[SHTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shenyang Radio & TV University]] ([[SYTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shinshu University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Shiraz Virtual University]], [[Iran]]
# [[Sichuan Radio & TV University]] ([[SRTVU]]) or ([[SCRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[SIM University]] [[(UniSIM)]], [[Singapore]]
# [[Simon Fraser University]] ([[SFU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[Sokoine University of Agriculture]], [[Tanzania]]
# [[Southeast University‎]], [[Bangladesh]]
# [[Southern Institute of Technology]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Southern Regional Electronic Board]] ([[SREB]]), [[USA]]
# [[St. Petersburg College]], [[USA]]
# [[Stanford University]], [[USA]]
# [[Strayer University Online]]
# [[Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University]] ([[STOU]]), [[Thailand]]
# [[Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Syrian Virtual University]] ([[SVU]])
# [[TAFE Open Learning]], [[Australia]]
# [[Tamil Nadu Open University]] ([[TNOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Tamil Virtual University‎]], [[India]]
# [[TechBC]], [[Canada]]
# [[Technikon SA]], [[South Africa]]
# [[Tecnológico de Monterrey]], [[Mexico]]
# [[Tehran Virtual University]], [[Iran]]
# [[Tele-Universite de Quebec ]], [[Quebec]]
# [[Temple University]] Online Learning (OLL) Program, [[USA]]
# [[The Global Open University of Zambia]] ([[TGOU]])
# [[Theological College of Zimbabwe]]
# [[Thompson Rivers University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Tianjin Radio & TV University]] ([[TJRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Tohoku University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Tshwane University of Technology]], [[South Africa]]
# [[Tsinghua University]], [[China]]
# [[U.P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University]] ([[UPRTOU]]), [[India]]
# [[UC-Berkeley Extension]], [[USA]]
# [[UMassOnline]], [[US]]
# [[UNIACC]], [[Chile]]
# [[UNIEDPA]], [[Panama]]
# [[UNISA Online Campus]], [[South Africa]]
# [[United Nations University Online Learning]]
# [[United States Open University]]
# [[Universal College of Learning]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Universidad de Guadalajara]] (UDGVirtual), [[Mexico]]
# [[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]], [[Costa Rica]]
# [[Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia]] ([[UNAD]]), [[Colombia]]
# [[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]] ([[UNAM]])
# [[Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja]] ([[UTPL]]), [[Ecuador]]
# [[Universidad Virtual de Quilmes]], [[Argentina]]
# [[Universidad Virtual de Salud de Cuba]]
# [[Universidade de Brasilia Centro de Educação a Distância]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Universidade Virtual do Centro-Oeste]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Universidade Virtual Publica do Brasil]]
# [[Universitas 21 Global]], [[Singapore]]
# [[Universitas Terbuka]], [[Indonesia]]
# [[Universiti Sains Malaysia]]
# [[Universiti Teknologi MARA]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Universiti Tun Abdul Razak]] ([[UNITAR]]), [[Malaysia]]
# [[University of the Andes]], [[Colombia]]
# [[University of the Arctic]]
# [[University of Bahrain]]
# [[University of Baltimore]], [[US]]
# [[University of British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Central Florida]], [[US]]
# [[University of Colombo School of Computing]] ([[UCSC]]), [[Sri Lanka]]
# [[University of Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]]
# [[University of the Free State]] ([[UFS]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Guelph Open Online]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Illinois Global Campus]], [[US]]
# [[University of Illinois Online]], [[US]]
# [[University of Kentucky]], [[US]]
# [[University of KwaZulu-Natal]], [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Maryland University College]] (UMUC), [[US]]
# [[University of New Brunswick]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of New England (US)]], [[US]] - unrelated to Australian UNE
# [[University of New England]], [[Australia]]
# [[University of Ostrava]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[University of Ottawa]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of the People]]
# [[University of the Philippines Open University]]
# [[University of Phoenix Online]], [[US]]
# [[University of Pretoria]] ([[UP]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Qatar]]
# [[University of Southern Maine]], [[USA]]
# [[University of Southern Queensland]], [[Australia]]
# [[University of the South Pacific Online Learning]] ([[USP]])
# [[University of Sao Paulo]] (USP). [[Brazil]]
# [[University of Waikato Online Learning]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[University of Waterloo]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of the West Indies]]
# [[University of Western Ontario]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Wisconsin Extension]], [[US]]
# [[University of Zambia]]
# [[UT Telecampus]], University of Texas System, [[US]]
# [[Uttaranchal Open University]], [[India]]
# [[UVB Campus]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]] ([[VMOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Victoria University of Wellington]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Virtual Global University]]
# [[Virtual University for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises]]
# [[Virtual University for Small States of the Commonwealth]]
# [[Virtual University for the Semi-Arid Tropics‎]], [[India]]
# [[Virtual University of Tunisia]] - ''possible case study''
# [[Walden University]], [[US]]
# [[Waseda University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Wawasan Open University]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Westwood College]], [[US]]
# [[Western Governors University]], [[US]]
# [[Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University]] ([[YCMOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Yunnan Radio & TV University]] ([[YRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Zimbabwe Open University]] ([[ZOU]])

'''Also note the list of [[Suspect Providers]].'''

== Interesting Networks ==
# [[EADTU]], the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities
# [[EDEN]], a European Association of universities active in e-learning
# [[EuroPACE]], a European Association of universities active in e-learning
# [[Greek Schools Network]], [[Greece]]

See also [[Abbreviations]].
Other reports that provide good information on programmes to select for further consideration include:

* [http://www.nshu.se/english/page/4713/reports.htm Reports from Swedish Net Agency study trips]
* [[E-learning_Progress_at_Ain-Shams_University]] - a list of virtual universities by region
* [http://ec.europa.eu/education/archive/elearning/doc/studies/market_annex1a_en.pdf The eLearning industry and market in Europe - Lot 1: Appendix to Synthesis Report] by Jane Massy

----
> [[Countries]]
 
> [[Case studies]]
 
>> [[Main Page]]

IDCE

2009-08-16T16:27:59Z

Rcsharma: New page: The Institute of Distance and Continuing Education (IDCE) was formerly known as the Department of Extra-mural Studies. The Department of Extra-mural Studies was founded on 5 January 1976, ...

The Institute of Distance and Continuing Education (IDCE) was formerly known as the Department of Extra-mural Studies. The Department of Extra-mural Studies was founded on 5 January 1976, which was later on upgraded to the Institute of Adult and Continuing Education (IACE), and in September 1996, it was renamed the Institute of Distance and Continuing education (IDCE). The Institute is primarily a centre for study and research in Adult Education and provides professional training for teachers of adults and persons who administer or organise adult education programmes. There are also an advisory service and library facilities for adults educators. From 1987, the Institute began offering a Diploma Programme in Occupational health and Safety, with intramural accreditation. In 1992 the Distance Education Programme was launched and in general IDCE assists other institutions and organisations in conducting Distance Education programmes.

The IDCE has the mandate of providing learning opportunities for the adult learners domiciled in the various communities across the length and breadth of Guyana. It offers ODL programmes like a two year programme on Administrative Professional Secretaries Diploma, Business Communication for staff of Guyana and Trinidad Mutual Fire and Life Insurance Company, Project Management, Human Resource Management, Information and Library Technician Training Programme etc. As of now IDCE did not have some full Graduate programmes leading to a Degree, we are trying to do it now. The courses currently being done are few weeks courses targeted to develop a certain skill among the participants. For example, in collaboration with Varqua Foundation, the IDCE undertook a "On the Wings of Words" program which enabled young Guyanese to improve their levels of literacy. This collaborative approach which started over twelve years ago has resulted in over six hundred young people being exposed to the rudiments of reading andf other aspects of literacy education. The Institute has also been collaborating with Public and Private sector for effective community economic development, some of them are: The Guyana Police Force, the Guyana Library Association, the Guyana Association of Administrative Professionals, the Rotary Club of Gerogetown, the Commonwealth Youth Programme and the Guyana Forum for Lifelong Learning etc.

Programmes

2009-08-16T16:17:45Z

Rcsharma: /* Rest of the World */

''The following list includes the lists of institutions which [[The e-University Compendium]] and the UNESCO [http://www.unesco.org/iiep/virtualuniversity/linksliste.php IIEP List] feel are worthy of consideration as virtual universities. In the next phase, we have also included many of the accredited open universities around the world, and virtual elearning initiatives mentioned in other research projects or relevant sources of information.'' You can have a look at our [[original list of programmes.]] For various sources of information please check our [[Publications]] Page

We present the interesting programmes here as European versus Rest of The World. We appreciate that reaching a common agreement as to what constitutes ‘Europe’ is quite a complex task and one which reaches beyond the boundaries of a European Project like Re.ViCa. We have therefore taken the decision as a project team to use a definition of Europe that fits between a narrow definition of Europe as being made up of the 27 member states of the European Union and the broader geographic definition of Europe. We define Europe for the purposes of our work in Re.ViCa as including the countries of the EU, EEA and Switzerland. This means that the ‘Rest of the World’ refers to all countries which do not fall within this definition of Europe. Each Notable e-Learning Initiative is categorized and you can find per entry, to what category they belong. If you click on the category, you can find all other initiatives that belong to that category. You can find for example all "private providers" or "national initiatives".

== European (in the sense of EU, EEA and Switzerland) ==
# [[Aalborg University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Aarhus University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Academy of Performing Arts in Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie]], [[AUF]], [[France]]
# [[AKAD Privat-Hochschulen]], [[Germany]]
# [[Apertus Foundation]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
# [[Athens University of Economics and Business]], [[Greece]]
# [[Bavarian Virtual University]] ([[Virtuelle Universität Bayern]]), [[Germany]]
# [[BI Norwegian School of Management]], [[Norway]]
# [[Budapest University of Technology and Economics]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Bulgarian Virtual University]] ([[BVU]]), [[Bulgaria]]
# [[Business Academy West]], [[Denmark]]
# [[CAmpus Numerique en Economie-GEstion]] ([[CANEGE]]), [[France]]
# [[Campus Numériques Français - Part 2 : ENT]], [[France]]
# [[Campus Numériques Français - Part1]], [[France]]
# [[Canal U]], [[France]]
# [[Central European University]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Centre National d'Enseignement à Distance]] ([[CNED]]), [[France]]
#[[Centro estudios financieros]], [[Spain]]
# [[Clyde Virtual University]] ([[CVU]]), [[Scotland]]
# [[College of European and Regional Studies]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[College of Nursing and Midwifery]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Copenhagen University College of Engineering]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Czech Technical University in Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[Danish Virtual University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Dennis Gabor Applied University]] ([[DGAU]]), [[Hungary]]
# [[Distance and International Study Center]] ([[DISC]]), TU Kaiserslautern, [[Germany]]
# [[Distance Education Study Centre]] ([[DESC]]), [[Latvia]]
# [[Dublin City University]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Dutch Digital University]], ([[DDU]])
# [[E-Campus Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[EDEN]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Engineering College of Aarhus]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Eötvös Lóránt University]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Erasmus University College Brussels]], ([[EhB]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Estonian Business School Open University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-Learning Development Centre]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian e-Vocational School]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Estonian Information Technology Foundation]], [[EITSA]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Eszterházy Károly College]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Europäische Fernhochschule Hamburg]] [[Germany]]
# [[European University Viadrina]], [[Germany]]
# [[Fédération Interuniversitaire de l'Enseignement à Distance]] - [[FIED]]
# [[Fernfachhochschule Schweiz]], [[Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences]], [[FFHS]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[FernUniversität Hagen]], [[Germany]]
# [[Finnish Online University of Applied Sciences]], [[VirtuaaliAMK]], [[Finland]]
# [[Finnish Virtual University]], [[FVU]], [[Finland]]
# [[The Foundation Fernstudien Schweiz]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[Ghent University Association]] ([[AUGent]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Ghent University]] ([[UGent]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Global Virtual University]] - and see in particular [[University of Agder]], [[Norway]]
# [[Gotland University]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Greek Pedagogical Institute]]
# [[Guglielmo Marconi Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[Hamburger Fernhochschule]] [[Germany]]
# [[Hellenic Open University]] ([[HOU]]), [[Greece]]
# [[Henley Management College]], [[England]]
# [[Hibernia College]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Hochschulverbund Virtuelle Fachhochschule]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[Instituto de formación de postgrado]], [[Spain]]
# [[Interactive University]], [[Scotland]]
# [[Intercultural Open University]], the [[Netherlands]]
# [[International Business Academy]] ([[IBA]]), [[Denmark]]
# [[International Telematic University UNINETTUNO]], [[Italy]]
# [[International University of Andalusia]], [[Spain]]
# [[IT University West]], [[Denmark]]
# [[IT-University of Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Jutland University College]], [[Denmark]]
# [[KHiS]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Klagenfurt University]], [[Austria]]
# [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]], [[Sweden]]
# [[learndirect]], [[UK]]
# [[Leidse Onderwijsinstellingen]], [[LOI]], [[Netherlands]]
# [[Lithuanian Virtual University]], [[Lithuania]]
# [[Lübeck University of Applied Sciences]], [[Germany]]
# [[Lund University]] NetUniversity, [[Sweden]]
# [[Mediterranean Network of Universities]]
# [[MegaTrends]], [[Hungary]]
# [[METID-Politecnico di Milano]], [[Italy]]
# [[Middlesex University]] Global Campus, [[UK]]
# [[Mid Sweden University]]
# [[MTA SZTAKI Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences]], [[Hungary]]
# [[National College for School Leadership]] ([[NCSL]]) of the [[UK]]
# [[NBPortal.pl]], [[Poland]]
# [[NETTUNO]], [[Italy]]
# [[Networked University]], [[Norway]] - the same as the [[Norwegian Networked University]]
# [[NHSU]], the ''National Health Service University'', [[UK]]
# [[NKI Internet College]], [[Norway]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[NKS Nettstudier]], [[Norway]]
# [[Norway Opening Universities]] ([[NOU]]) - an agency - [[Norway]]
# [[Norwegian Networked University]] ([[NVU]]) - a universities association - [[Norway]]
# [[oncampus]], [[Germany]]
# [[Open Estonia Foundation]], [[OEF]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Open Universiteit Nederland]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Open University of Cyprus]] (OUC), [[Cyprus]]
# [[Open University]] of the [[United Kingdom]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[OSCAIL]], [[Ireland]]
# [[Pandeion University for Social and Political Sciences]], [[Greece]]
# [[Pegaso Telematic University]], [[Italy]]
# [[Peoples Open Access Educational Initiative]] ([[Peoples-uni]]), [[UK]]
# [[Polish Virtual University]], [[PUW]], [[Poland]]
# [[Robert Gordon University]], [[Scotland]]
# [[Roskilde University]], [[Denmark]]
# [[Scottish Knowledge]], [[UK]]
# [[Scuola IaD]], [[Italy]]
# [[Sheffield Hallam University]], [[UK]]
# [[Silesian University of Technology]], [[Poland]]
# [[Sør-Trøndelag University College]], [[Norway]]
# [[SPACE]], [[Belgium]]
# [[Staffordshire University]], [[UK]]
# [[Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava‎]], [[Romania]]
# [[Sulinet Digital Knowledge Base]], [[SDT]] [[Hungary]]
# [[Swedish Net University]], [[Sweden]]
# [[Swiss Virtual Campus]], [[Switzerland]]
# [[SZÁMALK Education and Information Technology Ltd.]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Tallinn University]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Tallinn University of Technology]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Technical University of Graz]], [[Austria]]
# [[The Global university system]], [[Finland]]
# [[The National & Kapodistrian University of Athens]], [[Greece]]
# [[Tiger Leap Foundation]], [[TLF]], [[Estonia]]
# [[Tiger University Program]], [[Estonia]]
# [[UHI Millennium Institute]], [[Scotland]]
# [[UKeU]], [[UK]]
# [[Universidad a distancia de Madrid]], [[Spain]]
# [[Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia]] ([[UNED]]), [[Spain]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Universidade Aberta]], [[Uab]], [[Portugal]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Universidade Católica Portuguesa]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade de Aveiro]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade do Minho]], [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidade do Porto]] ([[UP]]), [[Portugal]]
# [[Universidad Politécnica de Madrid]] ([[UPM]]), [[Spain]]
# [[Universitat Oberta de Catalunya]], [[Catalonia]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[Université Virtuelle en Pays de la Loire ]], [[France]]
# [[Université Virtuelle Francophone]] ([[Virtual Francophone University]])
# [[Universités numériques en région]] ([[UNR]]), [[France]]
# [[Universités Numériques Thématiques]] ([[UNT]]), [[France]]
# [[University College Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College Lillebaelt]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College of Northern Denmark]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College Sealand]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University College South]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of the Aegean]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Agder]], [[Norway]]
# [[University of Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of Gavle]], [[Sweden]]
# [[University of Granada]], [[Spain]]
# [[University of Hradec Kralove]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[University of Ioannina]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]], [[Canary Islands]], [[Spain]]
# [[University of Liverpool]] Online Education [[UK]]
# [[University of Macedonia in Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Miskolc]], [[Hungary]]
# [[University of Oslo]], [[Norway]]
# [[University of Piraeus]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering]], [[FEUP]], [[Portugal]]
# [[University of Southern Denmark]], [[Denmark]]
# [[University of Tartu]], [[Estonia]]
# [[University of Thessaly]], [[Greece]]
# [[University of the West of Scotland]], [[UK]]
# [[University of Ulster]] Campus One, [[Northern Ireland]], [[UK]] - a [[Megaprovider]]
# [[University of Urbino "Carlo Bo"]], [[Italy]]
# [[University of West Hungary]], [[Hungary]]
# [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel]] ([[VUB]]), [[Belgium]]
# [[Warsaw University Centre for Open and Multimedia Education]] ([[COME]] ), [[Poland]]
# [[Wilhelm Büchner Hochschule]], [[Germany]]
# [[Zentralstelle für Fernstudien an Fachhochschulen]] ([[ZFH]]), [[Germany]]

=== Virtual Campuses (VC) supported by the European Commission ===

==== Running projects (until end of 2009)====
# [[E-learning in Distributed Data Network Laboratory]] ([[EdiNet]])
# [[European Teachers and Trainers campus]] ([[eTT.Campus]])
# [[History On Line]]
# [[OIKODOMOS: a virtual campus to promote the study of dwelling in contemporary Europe]]
# [[Virtual Campus for A Sustainable Europe]] ([[VCSE]])
# [[Virtual Campus for Digital Students]] ([[ViCaDiS]])
# [[Virtual Campus for SMEs in a Multicultural Milieu]]
# [[Virtual Campus on Post-master Studies in Architecture]] ([[e-archidoct]])
# [[Web-based health Organisations Learning Environment]] ([[WHOLE]])

==== Ceased activities ====
# [[European Master in Comparative Urban Studies]] ([[e-URBs]])

==== Virtual Campus beyond EU Funding ====
# [[European Virtual Campus for Biomedical Engineering]] ([[EVICAB]]):The project was funded by the European Commission for two years from 1.1.2006 till 31.12.2007. At present the funding id provided by other sources.
# [[League of European Research Universities virtual campus]] ([[e-LERU]])
# [[Law & ICT Shared Virtual Campus]] ([[LAW&ICT]])

==== Ceased? ====
# [[Bio-eTrain]]
# [[Multiple intelligences instructional design framework for virtual classes]]
# [[Reuse and Sharing of e-Learning Courses in GI Science Education]] ([[eduGI]])
# [[VIrtual campus for virtual space design Provided for european Architects]] ([[VIPA]])
# [[New e-learning Environment for European SME's Employees]] ([[CREATEL]])
# [[Virtual COPERNICUS-CAMPUS]]
# [[Virtual European Banking School]] ([[VEBS]])
# [[ICT Platform for Online Learning and Experiences Accreditation in the Mobility Programme]] ([[PLATO]])
# [[Erasmus Virtual Economics & Management Studies Exchange]] ([[EVENE]])

== Rest of the World ==

# [[Africa University Virtual Classroom]], [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[African Virtual University]] ([[AVU]])
# [[Al-Balqa' Applied University]], [[Jordan]]
# [[Allama Iqbal Open University]] ([[AIOU]]), [[Pakistan]]
# [[Almaty Technological University]], [[Kazakhstan]]
# [[Al-Quds Open University]], [[Palestine]]
# [[Al-Quds University]], [[Palestine]]
# [[American InterContinental University]] ([[AIU]]), [[US]]
# [[Amur State University]], [[Russia]]
# [[Anadolu University]], [[Turkey]]
# [[Anna Maria College]], [[US]]
# [[Arab American University for Distance Learning]], [[Jordan]] - not operational?
# [[Arab Open University]] ([[AOU]])
# [[ASEAN Virtual University]]
# [[Asia International Open University]] (AIOU), [[Macao]]
# [[Assumption University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Athabasca University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Auckland University of Technology]] ([[AUT]]), [[New Zealand]]
# [[Australian Catholic University]]
# [[Australian National University]]
# [[Bangalore University]], [[India]]
# [[Bangladesh Open University]] ([[BOU]])
# [[Bankit University Teledukasi‎]], [[Indonesia]]
# [[BCcampus]], [[Canada]]
# [[Beijing Foreign Studies University]] ([[BFSU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beijing Normal University]] ([[BNU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beijing Radio & TV University]] ([[BTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Beirut University Online]], [[Lebanon]]
# [[Best Virtual Universities Organisation]] - an intriguing association with a seemingly close relationship to UNESCO IIEP
# [[British Columbia Open University]] ([[BCOU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[California Virtual Campus]] ([[CVC]]), [[US]]
# [[California Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[Campus Numerique Francophone de Dakar]], [[Senegal]]
# [[Campus Virtual de Salud Publica]]
# [[Canadian Virtual University]] ([[CVU]])
# [[Capella University]], [[US]]
# [[Cardean University]], [[US]] - merged into Ellis College
# [[Carleton University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Carnegie Mellon University]], [[US]]
# [[Cederj]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Charles Sturt University]] ([[CSU]]), [[Australia]]
# [[China Central Radio & TV University]] ([[CCRTVU]])
# [[Chinhoyi University of Technology]], [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[Colorado University Online]], [[US]]
# [[Colorado Community Colleges Online]], [[US]]
# [[Corinthian Colleges]], [[US]]
# [[Curtin University of Technology]], [[Australia]]
# [[CVA-RICESU]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Cyber U]], [[Hong Kong]]
# [[Deakin University]], [[Australia]]
# [[DeVry University]], [[US]]
# [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University]] ([[BRAOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Drexel University Online]], [[US]]
# [[Duke University]], [[US]]
# [[Dunia Moja]],[[South Africa]]
# [[DUOC UC]], [[Chile]]
# [[Early Childhood Development Virtual University]] ([[ECDVU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[e-Berkeley]], [[US]]
# [[eCampus Alberta]], [[Canada]]
# [[eChina]] e-learning collaboration between [[UK]] and [[China]]
# [[ECOESAD]], [[Mexico]]
# [[e-Cornell]], [[US]]
# [[Edith Cowan University]], [[Australia]]
# [[Egyptian E-Learning University]]
# [[e-Learnz]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[e-TQM College]], [[Dubai]] - see [[Hamdan Bin Mohammed e-University]]
# [[Euclid University]]
# [[Ewha Womans University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Faculdade Pitágoras]], [[Brazil]]
# [[FATECE]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Fathom.com]], [[US]]
# [[FGV Online]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Fisheries College, Bac Ninh]] ([[FC]]), [[Vietnam]]
# [[Florida Community College]], [[US]]
# [[FUNIBER Virtual Campus]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Gama Virtual Campus UGF]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Georgia G.L.O.B.E.]], [[US]]
# [[Georgia Virtual Technical College]], [[US]]
# [[Global University Alliance]] - several meanings
# [[Hanoi Open University]], [[Vietnam]]
# [[Hanyang Cyber University]] ([[HYCU]]), [[Korea]]
# [[Harvard University Extension School]], [[US]]
# [[Hashemite University]], [[Jordan]]
# [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]]
# [[Henan Radio & TV University]] ([[HNRTVU]])
# [[Ho Chi Minh City Open University]] ([[HCMCOU]]), [[Vietnam]]
# [[Hong Kong Polytechnic University]] Cyber U
# [[Hong Kong University]] - high-echelon but possible
# [[ictQATAR]], [[Qatar]]
# [[Idaho Electronic Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Illinois Virtual Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Independent Study in Idaho]], [[US]]
# [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Inner Mongolia Radio & TV University]] ([[IMRTVU]])
# [[Institute of Information Technology]] ([[Vietnam]])
# [[Institute of Distance and Continuing Educatioin]], [[Guyana, South America]]
# Instituto Technologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey - see [[Tecnológico de Monterrey]]
# [[International Cyber University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Iranian Virtual University]]
# [[Isfehan Virtual University]] ([[Iran]])
# [[Jiangsu Radio & TV University]] ([[JSRTVU]])
# [[Jones International University]], [[US]]
# [[K. K. Handique State University]], [[India]]
# [[Kaplan College]], [[US]]
# [[Karnataka State Open University]] ([[KSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Keio University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Keller Graduate School of Management]], [[US]]
# [[Kentucky Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[Kenyatta University]], [[Kenya]]
# [[Knowledge International University]], [[Saudi Arabia]]
# [[Korea National Open University]] ([[KNOU]])
# [[Korea Virtual Campus]]
# [[Kota Open University]], [[India]] -- see [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]]
# [[Kuban Institute of International Business and Management]], [[Russia]]
# [[Lakehead University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Lansbridge University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Laureate Education]], [[USA]]
# [[Laurentian University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Lehigh University]], [[USA]]
# [[Mackenzie Presbyterian University]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University]] ([[MPBOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Massey University]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Mediterranean Virtual University]]
# [[Michigan State University]], [[US]]
# [[Michigan Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[MIT]], [[US]]
# [[Modern University of the Humanities]], [[Russia]]
# [[Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics]] ([[MESI]]), Russia
# [[Mount Royal College]], [[Canada]]
# [[Multimedia University]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Nalanda Open University]], [[India]]
# [[Nanyang Technological University]], [[Singapore]]
# [[National Open University of Nigeria]]
# [[National Open University]], [[Taiwan]]
# [[National Science and Technology Program for e-Learning in Taiwan]]
# [[National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning]] ([[NPTEL]]), [[India]]
# [[National University of Science and Technology]] ([[NUST]]), [[Zimbabwe]]
# [[National University of Singapore]]
# [[Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University]] ([[NMMU]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[Netaji Subhas Open University]] ([[NSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[NetVarsity]], [[India]]
# [[New Jersey Virtual University]], [[US]]
# [[NextEd]]
# [[North-West University]] ([[NWU]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[Nova Southeastern University]], [[US]]
# [[Old Dominion University]], [[US]]
# [[Online CSU]], [[US]]
# [[Online University Consortium]] ([[OUC]]), [[US]]
# [[Open Learning Agency]] ([[OLA]]), [[Canada]]
# [[Open Polytechnic of New Zealand]]
# [[Open Training and Education Network]] ([[OTEN]]), [[Australia]]
# [[Open Universities Australia]] -- formerly Open Learning Australia
# [[Open University for Adults]] ([[UAPA]]), [[Dominican Republic]]
# [[Open University of Brazil]] - a.k.a. [[Universidade Aberta do Brasil]]
# [[Open University of Hong Kong]] ([[OUHK]])
# [[Open University of Israel]] ([[OUI]])
# [[Open University of Japan]] ([[OUJ]])
# [[Open University of Libya]]
# [[Open University of Malaysia]]
# [[Open University of Sri Lanka]] ([[OUSL]])
# [[Open University of Sudan]] ([[OUS]])
# [[Open University of Tanzania]] ([[OUT]])
# [[Orenburg State University‎]], [[Russia]]
# [[Otago University]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Pakistan Virtual University]]
# [[Payame Noor University]] ([[PNU]]), [[Iran]]
# [[Penn State World Campus]], [[US]]
# [[Phnom Penh International University]], [[Cambodia]]
# [[Polivirtual]], [[Mexico]]
# [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]] ([[PUP OUS]]), [[Philippines]]
# [[Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University]] ([[PSSOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Punjab Technical University Virtual Campus]], [[India]]
# [[PurpleTrain.com]]
# [[Queen's University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Queensland University of Technology]] ([[QUT]]), [[Australia]]
# [[Ramkhamhaeng University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Regis University]], [[US]]
# [[Rey Juan Carlos University]] ([[URJC]]), [[Spain]]
# [[Rio Salado College]], [[US]]
# [[RMIT]], [[Australia]]
# [[Royal Roads University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Ryerson University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Samtse College of Education]], [[Bhutan]]
# [[Savannah College of Art and Design]], [[US]]
# [[School of the Future]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Seoul Digital University]], [[South Korea]]
# [[Shaanxi Radio & TV University]] ([[SXRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shanghai TV University]] ([[STVU]] or [[SHTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shenyang Radio & TV University]] ([[SYTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Shinshu University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Shiraz Virtual University]], [[Iran]]
# [[Sichuan Radio & TV University]] ([[SRTVU]]) or ([[SCRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[SIM University]] [[(UniSIM)]], [[Singapore]]
# [[Simon Fraser University]] ([[SFU]]), [[Canada]]
# [[Sokoine University of Agriculture]], [[Tanzania]]
# [[Southeast University‎]], [[Bangladesh]]
# [[Southern Institute of Technology]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Southern Regional Electronic Board]] ([[SREB]]), [[USA]]
# [[St. Petersburg College]], [[USA]]
# [[Stanford University]], [[USA]]
# [[Strayer University Online]]
# [[Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University]] ([[STOU]]), [[Thailand]]
# [[Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University]], [[Thailand]]
# [[Syrian Virtual University]] ([[SVU]])
# [[TAFE Open Learning]], [[Australia]]
# [[Tamil Nadu Open University]] ([[TNOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Tamil Virtual University‎]], [[India]]
# [[TechBC]], [[Canada]]
# [[Technikon SA]], [[South Africa]]
# [[Tecnológico de Monterrey]], [[Mexico]]
# [[Tehran Virtual University]], [[Iran]]
# [[Tele-Universite de Quebec ]], [[Quebec]]
# [[Temple University]] Online Learning (OLL) Program, [[USA]]
# [[The Global Open University of Zambia]] ([[TGOU]])
# [[Theological College of Zimbabwe]]
# [[Thompson Rivers University]], [[Canada]]
# [[Tianjin Radio & TV University]] ([[TJRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Tohoku University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Tshwane University of Technology]], [[South Africa]]
# [[Tsinghua University]], [[China]]
# [[U.P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University]] ([[UPRTOU]]), [[India]]
# [[UC-Berkeley Extension]], [[USA]]
# [[UMassOnline]], [[US]]
# [[UNIACC]], [[Chile]]
# [[UNIEDPA]], [[Panama]]
# [[UNISA Online Campus]], [[South Africa]]
# [[United Nations University Online Learning]]
# [[United States Open University]]
# [[Universal College of Learning]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Universidad de Guadalajara]] (UDGVirtual), [[Mexico]]
# [[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]], [[Costa Rica]]
# [[Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia]] ([[UNAD]]), [[Colombia]]
# [[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]] ([[UNAM]])
# [[Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja]] ([[UTPL]]), [[Ecuador]]
# [[Universidad Virtual de Quilmes]], [[Argentina]]
# [[Universidad Virtual de Salud de Cuba]]
# [[Universidade de Brasilia Centro de Educação a Distância]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Universidade Virtual do Centro-Oeste]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Universidade Virtual Publica do Brasil]]
# [[Universitas 21 Global]], [[Singapore]]
# [[Universitas Terbuka]], [[Indonesia]]
# [[Universiti Sains Malaysia]]
# [[Universiti Teknologi MARA]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Universiti Tun Abdul Razak]] ([[UNITAR]]), [[Malaysia]]
# [[University of the Andes]], [[Colombia]]
# [[University of the Arctic]]
# [[University of Bahrain]]
# [[University of Baltimore]], [[US]]
# [[University of British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Central Florida]], [[US]]
# [[University of Colombo School of Computing]] ([[UCSC]]), [[Sri Lanka]]
# [[University of Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]]
# [[University of the Free State]] ([[UFS]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Guelph Open Online]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Illinois Global Campus]], [[US]]
# [[University of Illinois Online]], [[US]]
# [[University of Kentucky]], [[US]]
# [[University of KwaZulu-Natal]], [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Maryland University College]] (UMUC), [[US]]
# [[University of New Brunswick]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of New England (US)]], [[US]] - unrelated to Australian UNE
# [[University of New England]], [[Australia]]
# [[University of Ostrava]], [[Czech Republic]]
# [[University of Ottawa]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of the People]]
# [[University of the Philippines Open University]]
# [[University of Phoenix Online]], [[US]]
# [[University of Pretoria]] ([[UP]]), [[South Africa]]
# [[University of Qatar]]
# [[University of Southern Maine]], [[USA]]
# [[University of Southern Queensland]], [[Australia]]
# [[University of the South Pacific Online Learning]] ([[USP]])
# [[University of Sao Paulo]] (USP). [[Brazil]]
# [[University of Waikato Online Learning]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[University of Waterloo]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of the West Indies]]
# [[University of Western Ontario]], [[Canada]]
# [[University of Wisconsin Extension]], [[US]]
# [[University of Zambia]]
# [[UT Telecampus]], University of Texas System, [[US]]
# [[Uttaranchal Open University]], [[India]]
# [[UVB Campus]], [[Brazil]]
# [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]] ([[VMOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Victoria University of Wellington]], [[New Zealand]]
# [[Virtual Global University]]
# [[Virtual University for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises]]
# [[Virtual University for Small States of the Commonwealth]]
# [[Virtual University for the Semi-Arid Tropics‎]], [[India]]
# [[Virtual University of Tunisia]] - ''possible case study''
# [[Walden University]], [[US]]
# [[Waseda University]], [[Japan]]
# [[Wawasan Open University]], [[Malaysia]]
# [[Westwood College]], [[US]]
# [[Western Governors University]], [[US]]
# [[Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University]] ([[YCMOU]]), [[India]]
# [[Yunnan Radio & TV University]] ([[YRTVU]]), [[China]]
# [[Zimbabwe Open University]] ([[ZOU]])

'''Also note the list of [[Suspect Providers]].'''

== Interesting Networks ==
# [[EADTU]], the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities
# [[EDEN]], a European Association of universities active in e-learning
# [[EuroPACE]], a European Association of universities active in e-learning
# [[Greek Schools Network]], [[Greece]]

See also [[Abbreviations]].
Other reports that provide good information on programmes to select for further consideration include:

* [http://www.nshu.se/english/page/4713/reports.htm Reports from Swedish Net Agency study trips]
* [[E-learning_Progress_at_Ain-Shams_University]] - a list of virtual universities by region
* [http://ec.europa.eu/education/archive/elearning/doc/studies/market_annex1a_en.pdf The eLearning industry and market in Europe - Lot 1: Appendix to Synthesis Report] by Jane Massy

----
> [[Countries]]
 
> [[Case studies]]
 
>> [[Main Page]]

Abbreviations

2009-08-16T16:12:52Z

Rcsharma: /* Abbreviations */

This is (to be) a full list of abbreviations for organisations and other activities of relevance to Re.ViCa.

A number of technical abbreviations are added - these do not link to Re.ViCa wiki pages. They are included as they are codes to avoid when creating or selecting codes for institutions and other entities.

Two-character codes are discouraged except when they are [[country codes]] but some are so common that we have been forced to adopt them.

Single-character codes are forbidden as they are used for various technical purposes.

'''Editors! Always check abbreviations first with Google and [http://www.acronymfinder.com/ Acronym finder]!'''

== Abbreviations ==
(other than 2-character country codes and 1-character codes for technical use)

The following list has been extracted from the list developed for [[The e-University Compendium]] and then further developed.

It is aimed to contain the standard abbreviations for all entities, institutions, programmes (especially [[MELI]]s etc) and projects of interest in the countries of most interest - plus for open/distance teaching universities across the world.

# [[AABSC]] stands for the [[Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business]]
# [[AAOU]] stands for the [[Asian Association of Open Universities]]
# [[AAU]] stands for [[Aalborg University]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[ACODE]] stands for [[Australasian Council on Open, Distance and E-Learning]]
# [[ACU]] stands for [[Association of Commonwealth Universities]] - see also [[Australian Catholic University]]
# [[AIESAD]] stands for Asociación Iberoamericana de Educación Superior a Distancia, the [[Ibero-American Association of Distance Education Universities]]
# [[AIOU]] stands for the [[Allama Iqbal Open University]] ([[Pakistan]]) - see also
# AIOU stands for the [[Asia International Open University]] ([[Macao]])
# [[AIU]] stands for [[American InterContinental University]]
# [[ALFA]] stands for [[América Latina - Formación Académica]], a programme of cooperation between higher education institutions of the European Union and Latin America
# [[ALT]] stands for [[Association for Learning Technology]], focussed on the [[UK]]
# [[AMBA]] stands for The Association of MBAs
# [[AmSU]] stands for [[Amur State University]] ([[Russia]])
# [[AMU]] stands for [[Academy of Performing Arts in Prague]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[ANCED]] stands for the [[Asociación Nacional de Centros de e-Learning y Distancia]] ([[Spain]])
# [[AOU]] stands for the [[Arab Open University]]
# [[APQN]] stands for [[Asia-Pacific Quality Network]]
# [[AQF]] stands for [[Australian Qualifications Framework]]
# [[ARIADNE]] stands for [[Alliance of Remote Instructional Authoring and Distribution Networks for Europe]]
# [[ARIEL]] stands for [[Analysing and Reporting the Implementation of Electronic Learning in Europe]]
# [[ASEAN]] stands for [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations]]
# [[ATN]] stands for [[Australian Technology Network]] (of universities)
# [[AU]] stands for [[Australia]] (the country) or:
# AU (DK) stands for [[Aarhus University]] ([[Denmark]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# AU (CA) stands for [[Athabasca University]] ([[Canada]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation)
# [[AUCC]] stands for the [[Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada]]
# [[AUGent]] stands for [[Ghent University Association]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[AUHA]] stands for [[Associatie Universiteit & Hogescholen Antwerpen]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[AUHL]] stands for [[Associatie Universiteit-Hogescholen Limburg]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[AULP]] stands for [[Associação das Universidades de Língua Portuguesa]] ([[Association of Universities in the Language of Portuguese]])
# [[AUQA]] stands for the [[Australian Universities Quality Agency]]
# [[AUT]] stands for [[Auckland University of Technology]] - no longer for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_University_Teachers Association of University Teachers] which does not exist now
# [[AUTH]] stands for [[Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]] ([[Greece]])
# [[AVU]] stands for [[African Virtual University]]
# [[BAOU]] stands for [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]] ([[Turkey]])
# [[BAU]] stand for [[Al-Balqa' Applied University]] ([[Jordan]])
# [[BAWEST]] stands for [[Business Academy West]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[BBE]] stands for [[Business of Borderless Education]] (report)
# [[BCOU]] stands for [[British Columbia Open University]] (now absorbed into [[Thompson Rivers University]])
# [[Becta]] or formerly [[BECTa]] stands for [[British Educational Communications and Technology Agency]] ([[UK]]) but the long form is rarely used now
# [[BELNET]] stands for the [[Belgian Research and Education Network]]
# [[BFSU]] stands for [[Beijing Foreign Studies University]] ([[China]])
# [[BI]] stands for [[BI Norwegian School of Management]] - see also [[Burundi]], [[Africa]]
# [[BME]] stands for [[Budapest University of Technology and Economics]] ([[Hungary]])
# [[BMUKK]] stands for ''Bundesministerium für Unterricht, Kunst und Kultur''/ [[Federal_Ministry_for_Education%2C_Arts_and_Culture]] ([[Austria]])
# [[BMWF]] stands for ''Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung'' / [[Federal Ministry of Science and Research]] ([[Austria]])
# [[BNU]] stands for [[Beijing Normal University]] ([[China]])
# [[BOU]] stands for the [[Bangladesh Open University]]
# [[BRAOU]] stands for the [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[BTVU]] stands for [[Beijing Radio & TV University‎]] ([[China]])
# [[BVU]] stands for [[Bulgarian Virtual University]] or [[Best Virtual Universities Organisation]]
# [[CANARIE]] stands for [[Canadian Network for the Advancement of Research, Industry and Education]], the [[NREN]] in [[Canada]]
# [[CARADOL]] stands for the [[Caribbean Association for Distance and Open Learning]]
# [[CARET]] stands for the [[Centre for Applied Research in Educational Technologies at the University of Cambridge]]
# [[CBS]] stands for [[Copenhagen Business School]]
# [[CCCOnline]] stands for [[Colorado Community Colleges Online]] ([[US]])
# [[CCDL]] stands for [[Cross Cultural Distance Learning]], an international consortium
# [[CCi]] stands for [[Corinthian Colleges]], Inc. ([[US]])
# [[CCRTVU]] stands for the [[China Central Radio & TV University]]
# [[Cederj]] stands for [[Center for Distance Learning of the State of Rio de Janeiro]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[CELI]] stands for [[Ceased E-Learning Initiative]]
# [[CERNET]] stands for the [[China Education and Research Network]]
# [[CETIS]] stands for [[Centre for Educational Technology Interoperability Standards]] but the long form is rarely used now ([[UK]])
# [[CEVU]] stands for [[Collaborative European Virtual University]]
# [[CHEA]] stands for [[Council for Higher Education Accreditation]] (US) - agency
# [[CHEI]] stands for [[Council for Higher Education]] ([[Israel]])
# [[CHEMS]] stands for [[Commonwealth Higher Education Management Service]] - now ceased
# [[CICEI]] stands for Centro de Innovación para la Sociedad de la Información (Innovation Center for the Information Society) ([[Canary Islands]]; [[Spain]])
# [[CIFFAD]] stands for [[Consortium International Francophone de Formation a Distance]]
# [[CMEC]] stands for the [[Council of Ministers of Education, Canada]]
# [[CMU]] stands for [[Carnegie Mellon University]] ([[US]])
# [[CNAVES]] was the Portuguese agency for quality in higher education. It closed in 2007 and is now replaced by another body.
# [[CNED]] stands for [[Centre National d'Enseignement à Distance]]. In French the abbreviation is [[Cned]] ([[France]])
# [[CNFD]] stands for [[Campus Numérique Francophone de Dakar]] ([[Senegal]])
# [[COL]] stands for [[Commonwealth of Learning]] ([[Canada]])
# [[COME]] stands for [[Warsaw University Centre for Open and Multimedia Education]] ([[Poland]])
# [[CPLP]] stands for [[Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa]] ([[Community of Portuguese Language Countries]]),
# [[CRUP]] stands for [[Conselho de Reitores das Universidades Portuguesas]] ([[Portugal]])
# [[CSF]] stands for [[Critical success factor]]
# [[CSU]] stands for [[Charles Sturt University]] ([[Australia]])
# [[CTU]] stands for [[Czech Technical University in Prague]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[CU Online]] stands for [[Colorado University Online]] ([[US]])
# [[CU]] stands for [[Charles University]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[CUTV]] stands for [[Carleton University]] Television ([[Canada]])
# [[CVA-RICESU]] stands for [[Comunidade Virtual de Aprendizagem Rede de Instituições Católicas de Ensino Superior]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[CVC]] stands for [[California Virtual Campus]] ([[US]])
# [[CVG]] stands for [[Campus Virtuel en Gestion]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[CVU]] stands for [[Canadian Virtual University]]. It was also used in the past for [[Clyde Virtual University]].
# [[DBIS]] stands for the [[Department for Business, Innovation & Skills]] of the [[UK]], which oversees universities and colleges
# [[DCSF]] is the ''Department for Children, Schools and Families'' of the [[UK]]
# [[DCU]] stands for [[Dublin City University]], [[Ireland]] - the host of [[OSCAIL]]
# [[DDU]] stands for the [[Dutch Digital University]] (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation [[DU]] commonly used in [[Netherlands]])
# [[DEASA]] stands for the [[Distance Education Association of Southern Africa]]
# [[DEEWR]] is the ''Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations'' in [[Australia]]
# [[DELNI]] is the ''Department for Employment and Learning, [[Northern Ireland]]''
# [[DELOS]] stands for [[Developing a European e-learning Observation System]]
# [[DEST]] is a department now merged into [[DEEWR]]
# [[DETYA]] stood for ''Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs'' ([[Australia]]), later called [[DEST]]
# [[DfEE]] stands for the former ''Department for Education and Employment'' of the [[UK]], a very old name for [[DfES]]
# [[DfES]] stands for the former ''Department for Education and Skills'' of the [[UK]], now split into [[DCSF]] and [[DIUS]]
# [[DFID]] stands for ''Department for International Development'' of the [[UK]]
# [[DGAU]] stands for [[Dennis Gabor Applied University]] ([[Hungary]])
# [[DISC]] stands for [[Distance and International Study Center]] ([[Germany]]) - a.k.a. [[ZFUW]]
# [[DIUS]] is the ''Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills'' of the [[UK]]
# [[DTU]] stands for [[Technical University of Denmark]]
# [[DVD]] stands for Digital Versatile Disk (no longer Digital Video Disk)
# [[DVU]] stands for [[Danish Virtual University]]
# [[E.A.S.Y.]] stands for [[Agency for Easy Access to Virtual Campus]]
# [[EADL]] stands for [[European Association for Distance Learning]]
# [[EADTU]] stands for the [[European Association of Distance Teaching Universities]]
# [[EBS]] stands for [[Estonian Business School Open University]]
# [[ECDVU]] stands for [[Early Childhood Development Virtual University]]
# [[eChina]] stands for the [[Sino-UK eLearning Programme]]
# [[ECTS]] stands for ''European Credit Transfer System'', sometimes called the ''European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System''
# [[EDEN]] stands for [[European Distance and E-Learning Network]]
# [[EDHEC]] stands for [[École De Hautes Études Commerciales du Nord]], [[France]]
# [[EdiNet]] stands for [[E-learning in Distributed Data Network Laboratory]]
# [[eduGI]] stands for [[Reuse and Sharing of e-Learning Courses in GI Science Education]]
# [[EEA]] stands for the [[:Category:European Economic Area|European Economic Area]]
# [[EELU]] stands for [[Egyptian E-Learning University]]
# [[EeU]] stands for [[Estonian e-University]]
# [[EEZ]] stands for the [[European Economic Zone]] of [[EU]], [[EEA]] and [[Switzerland]]
# [[EFQM]] stands for European Foundation for Quality Management
# [[EhB]] stands for [[Erasmus University College Brussels]]
# [[ELDDA]] stands for e-Learning Digital Dashboard
# [[eLene-TT]] stands for [[e-Learning Network for Teacher Training]]
# [[e-LERU]] stands for [[League of European Research Universities virtual campus]]
# [[ELUE]] stands for [[Improving quality of e-learning in universities]]
# [[ELWA]] stood for ''Education and Learning [[Wales]]'' but is no longer used - see [[HEFCW]]
# [[EML]] stands for Educational Markup Language
# [[eMM]] and [[EMM]] stand for the e-Learning Maturity Model for benchmarking e-learning
# [[E-move]] stands for [[An Operational Conception of Virtual Mobility]]
# [[EMTC]] stands for [[E. mokymosi technologijų centras]], in English [[e-Learning Technology Centre at Kaunas University of Technology]]
# [[ENQA]] stands for the [[European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education]]
# [[EPICS]] stands for [[European Portal for International Courses and Services for Virtual Erasmus]]
# [[EQO]] stands for [[European Quality Observatory]]
# [[EQUEL]] stands for [[E-quality in e-learning research Laboratoire]]
# [[EQUIS]] stands for European Quality Improvement System
# [[eRNIST]] stands for [[European Research Network for ICT in Schools of Tomorrow]]
# [[ESEN]] stands for [[European Small and medium entreprise E-learning Network]]
# [[ESP-T]] stands for [[English for Specific Purposes: Therapeutic Professions]]
# [[ESRC]] stands for [http://www.esrc.ac.uk Economic and Social Research Council] ([[UK]])
# [[ETT.Campus]] stands for [[European Teachers and Trainers campus]]
# [[e-Ttnet]] stands for [[Training of trainers network for e-learning]]
# [[EU]] stands for [[European Union]]
# [[e-U]] stands for the [[UK e-University]] (the one that became [[UKeU]])
# [[EUA]] stands for [[European University Association]]
# [[EUNITE]] stands for [[European Universities Network for IT in Education]]
# [[e-URBs]] stands for [[European Master in Comparative Urban Studies]]
# [[EUROMOVE]] stands for [[European Mobility through Virtual Education]]
# [[EuroPACE]] stands for [[European Professional Association for Collaboration in E-Learning]]
# [[EVENE]] stands for [[Erasmus Virtual Economics & Management Studies Exchange]]
# [[EVICAB]] stands for [[European Virtual Campus for Biomedical Engineering]]
# [[EWNI]] stands for [[England, Wales and Northern Ireland]] - the home nations of the [[UK]] other than [[Scotland]]
# [[FADE]] stands for the [[Finnish Association for Distance Education]]
# [[FATECE]] stands for [[Faculdade de Tecnologia, Ciências e Educação]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[FC]] stands for [[Fisheries College, Bac Ninh]] ([[Vietnam]])
# [[FCCJ]] stands for [[Florida Community College]] Jacksonville
# [[FE]] stands for [[Further Education]] (post-school, non-degree courses)
# [[Fe-ConE]] stands for [[Framework for e-learning Contents Evaluation]]
# [[FELI]] stands for [[Failed E-Learning Initiative]]
# [[FernFH]] stands for [[Ferdinand Porsche FernFH]] ([[Austria]])
# [[FernFH]] stands for [[Ferdinand Porsche FernFH]] ([[Germany]])
# [[FernUni Hagen]] stands for [[FernUniversität in Hagen]] ([[Germany]])
# [[FGV]] stands for Fundação Getúlio Vargas - see [[FGV Online]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[FILTER]] stands for [[Economic filtering of knowledge]]
# [[FUNDP]] stands for [[Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[FUNIBER]] stands for [[Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[FUSL]] stands for [[Facultés universitaires Saint-Louis]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[FVU]] stands for [[Finnish Virtual University]]
# [[G-20]] stands for the [[:Category:G-20 countries|Group of Twenty countries]]
# [[G8]] stands for the [[:Category:G8 countries|Group of Eight countries]]
# [[GELI]] stands for [[Giant E-Learning Initiative]]
# [[GROE]] stands for the project [[Global Resources for Online Education]]
# [[Group T]] stands for [[Group T-International University College Leuven]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[GTCS]] stands for [[Georgia Technical College System]] ([[US]])
# [[GU8]] stands for [[Global U8 Consortium]]
# [[GUA]] stands for [[Global University Alliance]], but this phrase has multiple meanings
# [[GVTC]] stands for [[Georgia Virtual Technical College]] ([[US]])
# [[GVU]] stands for [[Global Virtual University]]
# [[HCMCOU]] stands for [[Ho Chi Minh City Open University]] ([[Vietnam]])
# [[HE]] stands for Higher Education (universities and similar institutions)
# [[HECS]] stands for the Higher Education Contribution Scheme, now replaced by the [http://www.ato.gov.au/individuals/pathway.asp?pc=001/002/008/007&mnu=998&mfp=001/002&cy=1 Higher Education Loan Programme] (HELP)
# [[HEFCE]] stands for ''Higher Education Funding Council for England'' ([[UK]])
# [[HEFCW]] stands for ''Higher Education Funding Council for Wales'' ([[UK]])
# [[HEI]] stands for ''Higher Education Institution''
# [[HELIOS]] stands for [[Horizontal E-Learning Integrated Observation System]]
# [[HERO]] stands for Higher Education and Research Opportunities ([[UK]])
# [[HES]] stands for [[Harvard University Extension School]] ([[US]])
# [[HESA]] stands for [[Higher Education South Africa]], an association of Rectors
# [[HETAC]] stands for the [[Higher Education and Training Awards Council]] ([[Ireland]])
# [[HFH]] stands for [[Hamburger Fern-Hochschule]] ([[Austria]])
# [[HFH]] stands for [[Hamburger Fern-Hochschule]] ([[Germany]])
# [[HiG]] stands for [[University of Gävle]] - Högskolan i Gävle ([[Sweden]])
# [[HKU]] stands for [[University of Hong Kong]]
# [[HNRTVU]] or [[Henan RTV]] stands for [[Henan Radio & TV University‎]] ([[China]])
# [[HOU]] (GR) stands for the [[Hellenic Open University]] ([[Greece]]) or:
# HOU (VT) [[Hanoi Open University]] ([[Vietnam]])
# [[Howest]] stands for [[University College West Flanders]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[HSUM]] stands for [[Health Sciences University of Mongolia]]
# [[HUBrussel]] stands for [[Hogeschool-Universiteit_Brussel]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[HUT]] used to be used for [[Helsinki University of Technology]] ([[Finland]]) but [[TKK]] (Teknillinen KorkeaKoulu) is preferred
# [[HYCU]] stands for [[Hanyang Cyber University]] ([[South Korea]])
# [[IAU]] stands for [[International Association of Universities]]
# [[IBA]] stands for [[International Business Academy]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[IBC]] stands for [[International Business College]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[ICDE]] stands for the [[International Council for Open and Distance Education]]
# [[ICDL]] stands for the former International Centre for Distance Learning (at [[UKOU]]) - the database is still available to subscribers
# [[ICETEL]] stands for [[Improving Continuing Education and Training through e-learning]]
# [[IDCE]] stands for the [[[Institute of Distance and Continuing Education]http://www.uog.edu.gy/schools/idce]]
# [[IEC]] stands for the [[Idaho Electronic Campus]]
# [[IGNOU]] stands for [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[IHA]] stands for [[Engineering College of Aarhus]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[IHK]] stands for [[Copenhagen University College of Engineering]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[IIT]] stands for [[Institute of Information Technology]] ([[Vietnam]]) - see also [[IOIT]]
# [[IMRTVU]] stands for [[Inner Mongolia Radio & TV University]]
# [[IMS]] used to stand for Instructional Management System (the initials IMS are no longer an acronym)
# [[INQAAHE]] stands for [[International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education]]
# [[IOIT]] stands for [[Institute of Information Technology]] ([[Vietnam]]) - see also [[IIT]]
# [[IOU]] stands for [[Intercultural Open University]] (based in the [[Netherlands]])
# [[ISI]] stands for [[Independent Study in Idaho]] ([[US]])
# [[ITESM]] stands for ''Instituto Tecnologico Superior de Monterrey'' - see [[Tecnológico de Monterrey]] ([[Mexico]])
# [[ITIU]] stansd for [[Università telematica internazionale UNINETTUNO]]
# [[ITU]] stands for [[IT-University of Copenhagen]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[It-vest]] stands for [[IT University West]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[IUA]] stands for the [[Irish Universities Association]], [[Ireland]] (Republic)
# [[IVC]] stands for the [[Illinois Virtual Campus]] ([[US]])
# [[JANET]] stands for Joint Academic NETwork (alleged originally to be a name significant to one of the original developers) ([[UK]])
# [[JIU]] stands for [[Jones International University]]
# [[JKU]] stands for [[Johannes Kepler Universität Linz]] ([[Austria]])
# [[JPPSG]] stands for [[Joint Procurement Policy and Strategy Group]] ([[UK]] Higher Education)
# [[JSTVU]] stands for [[Jiangsu Radio & TV University]] ([[China]])
# [[KaHo Sint-Lieven]] stands for [[Katholieke Hogeschool Sint-Lieven]]/[[Catholic University College Ghent]]([[Belgium]])
# [[KHiS]] stands for [[Kommuner och Hogskolor i Samverkan]] ([[Sweden]])
# [[KHK]] stands for [[KH Kempen University College]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[KHLim]] stands for [[Limburg Catholic University College| Katholieke Hogeschool Limburg]] or [[Limburg Catholic University College]] in English ([[Belgium]])
# [[KIIB&M]] stands for [[Kuban Institute of International Business and Management]] ([[Russia]])
# [[KIU]] stands for [[Knowledge International University]] ([[Saudi Arabia]])
# [[KKHSOU]] stands for [[K. K. Handique State University]] or K. K. Handique State Open University ([[India]])
# [[KNOU]] stands for [[Korea National Open University]]
# [[KSF]] stands for [[Key success factor]]
# [[KSOU]] stands for [[Karnataka State Open University]]
# [[KTH]] stands for [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]] ([[Sweden]])
# [[KU]] (DK) stands for [[University of Copenhagen]] ([[Denmark]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# KU (KE) stands for [[Kenyatta University]] ([[Kenya]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# KU (US) stands for [[Kaplan College]] or Kaplan University ([[US]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation)
# [[KYVC]] and [[KYVU]] stand for [[Kentucky Virtual University]] ([[US]])
# [[LATWF]] stands for the [[Learning and Technology World Forum]], a series of conferences held each January in London, [[UK]]
# [[LCUC]] stands for [[Limburg Catholic University College]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[LERU]] stands for [[League of European Research Universities]]
# [[LieDM]] or [[LIEDM]] stands for [[Lithuanian National Distance Education Network]]
# [[LIFE]] stands for [[Learning Interoperability Framework for Europe]]
# [[LIVIUS]] stands for [[Learning in a Virtual Integrated University]]
# [[LSDA]] stands for the former Learning and Skills Development Agency ([[UK]]) - now split into [[LSN]] and [[QIA]]
# [[LTSC]] stands for Learning Technology Standards Committee (of IEEE)
# [[LU]] stands for [[Luxembourg]] (the country) or:
# LU (CA) stands for [[Lakehead University]] ([[Canada]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# LU (CA) stands for [[Laurentian University]] ([[Canada]]) (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation)
# [[LVU]] stands for [[Lithuanian Virtual University]]
# [[MASSIVE]] stands for [[Modelling Advice and Support Services to Integrate Virtual Component in Higher Education]]
# [[MASTER]] stand for [[Mobility, Assessment, Selection, Technology and E-Learning Research]]
# [[MELI]] stands for [[Major E-Learning Initiative]]
# [[MENU]] stands for [[Model for a European Networked University for e-Learning]]
# [[MESI]] stands for [[Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics]] ([[Russia]])
# [[MEXT]] stands for the [[Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology]], [[Japan]]
# [[MIT]] stands for the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] ([[US]])
# [[MOO]] stands for Multi-User Dungeons, Object Oriented
# [[MPBOU]] stands for [[Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[MSU]] stands for [[Michigan State University]] ([[US]])
# [[MU]] stands for [[Masaryk University]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[MUW]] stands for [[Medizinische Universität Wien]] ([[Austria]])
# [[MVHS]] stands for Michigan Virtual High School ([[US]]) - see [[Michigan Virtual University]]
# [[MVS]] stands for Michigan Virtual School ([[US]]) - see [[Michigan Virtual University]]
# [[MVU]] (US) stands for [[Michigan Virtual University]] ([[US]]) - or:
# MVU stands for [[Mediterranean Virtual University]], a consortium
# [[NADE]] (NO) stands for the [[Norwegian Association for Distance Education]] or:
# NADE (LT) stands for the [[National Association of Distance Education]] in [[Lithuania]]
# [[NAHE]] stands for the [[Swedish National Association for Higher Education]]
# [[NCSL]] stands for [[National College for School Leadership]] in the [[UK]]
# [[NDEC]] stands for the National Distance Education Centre of [[Ireland]] - see also [[Oscail]] in Irish
# [[NDMA]] stands for [[Nacionaline distancinio mokymo asociacija]], in English [[National Association of Distance Education]]
# [[NELI]] stands for [[Notable E-Learning Initiative]]
# [[NIME]] stands for the [[National Institute of Multimedia Education]], [[Japan]]
# [[NJVU]] stands for [[New Jersey Virtual University]] ([[US]])
# [[NKI]] stands for [[NKI Distance Education]], the main distance learning provider in [[Norway]]
# [[NKS]] stands for [[NKS Nettstudier]], sometimes called [[NKS Distance Education]], [[Norway]] (to be carefully distinguished from [[NKI]])
# [[NMMU]] stands for [[Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University]], [[South Africa]]
# [[NOKUT]] stands for ''Nasjonalt organ for kvalitet i utdanningen'', the [[Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education]]
# [[NOU]] stands for [[Norway Opening Universities]], the innovation programme in e-learning for HE in [[Norway]] - or:
# [[NOU]] stands for [[National Open University]] of [[Taiwan]]
# [[NOUN]] stands for the [[National Open University of Nigeria]]
# [[NPTEL]] stands for [[National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning]] ([[India]])
# [[NQAI]] stands for the [[National Qualifications Authority of Ireland]]
# [[NREN]] stands for ''National Research and Education Network''
# [[NSHU]] stands for the [[Swedish Agency for Networks and Cooperation in Higher Education]], formerly called the Swedish Net University Agency - be careful to distinguish this from [[NHSU]], the [[NHS University]] of the [[UK]]
# [[NSOU]] stands for [[Netaji Subhas Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[NSU]] stands for [[Nova Southeastern University]] ([[US]])
# [[NUCCAT]] stands for ''Northern Universities Consortium for Credit Accumulation and Transfer''
# [[NUS]] stands for [[National University of Singapore]]
# [[NUST]] stands for [[National University of Science and Technology]] ([[Zimbabwe]])
# [[NVU]] stands for [[Norwegian Networked University]], an association in Norway
# [[NWU]] stands for [[North-West University]] ([[South Africa]])
# [[NZQA]] stands for the [[New Zealand Qualifications Authority]]
# [[OBHE]] stands for the [[Observatory on Borderless Higher Education]]
# [[ODLAA]] stands for the [[Open and distance learning association of Australia]]
# [[ODU]] stands for [[Old Dominion University]] ([[US]])
# [[OECD]] stands for Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
# [[OHO]] stands for [[Open Hoger Onderwijs]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[OISE]] stands for the [[Ontario Institute for Studies in Education]] - part of the [http://www.utoronto.ca/ University of Toronto], [[Canada]]
# [[OKI]] stands for Open Knowledge Initiative
# [[OLA]] stands for [[Open Learning Agency]] (British Columbia) – to be closed. It could also stand for ''Open Learning Australia''.
# [[OLCOS]] stands for [[Open e-Learning Content Observatory Services]]
# [[OLF]] stands for [[Open Learning Foundation]] in the [[United Kingdom]]
# [[OLIF]] stands for the [[Online Learning Innovation Fund]] of the [[UK]]
# [[OPENU]] stands for [[Open University of Israel]] ([[Israel]]) - also [[OUI]]
# [[OPNZ]] stands for the [[Open Polytechnic of New Zealand]]
# [[ORMEE]] stands for [[Observatory on Rights Management for e-Learning in Europe]]
# [[OSU]] (CZ) stands for [[University of Ostrava]] ([[Czech Republic]]) - or:
# OSU (RU) [[Orenburg State University]] ([[Russia]])
# [[OTEN]] stands for [[Open Training and Education Network]] ([[Australia]])
# [[OU Libya]] stands for [[Open University of Libya]] ([[Libya]])
# [[OU]] is a common abbreviation for UK [[Open University]] - we try to use [[UKOU]] instead
# [[OUA]] stands for [[Open Universities Australia]] -- formerly ''Open Learning Australia''
# [[OUBS]] stands for [[Open University Business School in Denmark]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[OUC]] (CY) stands for [[Open University of Cyprus]] ([[Cyprus]]) or:
# OUC (US) stands for [[Online University Consortium]] ([[US]])
# [[OUHK]] stands for [[Open University of Hong Kong]]
# [[OUI]] stands for [[Open University of Israel]] - also, [[OPENU]]
# [[OUJ]] stands for the [[Open University of Japan]], formerly the [[University of the Air]]
# [[OUM]] stands for [[Open University of Malaysia]] ([[Malaysia]])
# [[OUN]] stands for [[Open Universiteit Nederland]]
# [[OUNR]] stands for [[Open University National Role]] ([[UK]])
# [[OUS]] stands for the [[Open University of Sudan]]
# [[OUSL]] stands for the [[Open University of Sri Lanka]]
# [[OUT]] stands for the [[Open University of Tanzania]]
# [[PANdora]] stands for Pan Asia Networking distance and open resource access, a study project
# [[PBP-VC]] stands for [[Promoting Best Practice in Virtual Campuses]]
# [[PHL]] stands for [[PHL University College]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[PI]] stands for [[Greek Pedagogical Institute]]
# [[PLATO]] stands for [[ICT Platform for Online Learning and Experiences Accreditation in the Mobility Programme]]
# [[PnM]] or [[PNM]] stand for [[Pick&Mix]]
# [[PNU]] stands for [[Payame Noor University]] ([[Iran]])
# [[PPIU]] stands for [[Phnom Penh International University]] ([[Cambodia]])
# [[PROMETEUS]] stands for PROmoting Multimedia access to Education and Training in EUropean Society
# [[PRTVU]] stands for one of the provincial-level Radio & TV universities in [[China]]
# [[PSSOU]] stands [[Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University| Pandit Sunderlal Sharma Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[PSU]] stands for Pennsylvania State University ([[US]]) - see [[Penn State World Campus]]
# [[PUP OU]] stands for [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]] Open University System ([[Philippines]])
# [[PUW]] stands for [[Polski Uniwersytet Wirtualny]], the [[Polish Virtual University]]
# [[QA]] stands for [[quality assurance]]
# [[QAA]] stands for Quality Assurance Agency (for Higher Education in the [[UK]])
# [[QCA]] stands for Qualifications and Curriculum Authority ([[UK]])
# [[QOU]] stands for [[Al-Quds Open University]] ([[Palestine]])
# [[QUADEM]] stands for [[Quality Assessment of Digital Educational Materials]]
# [[QUAL-E-LEARNING]] stands for [[La qualité de l'eLearning]]
# [[QUT]] stands for [[Queensland University of Technology]] ([[Australia]])
# [[REVE]] stands for [[REal Virtual Erasmus]]
# [[RIO]] stands for Reusable Information Object (as at Cisco)
# [[RLO]] stands for Reusable Learning Object (as at Cisco)
# [[RMIT]] stands for Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (former name for RMIT) ([[Australia]])
# [[RRU]] stands for [[Royal Roads University]] ([[Canada]])
# [[RUC]] stands for [[Roskilde University]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[SAIDE]] stands for [[South African Institute for Distance Education]]
# [[SCAD]] stands for [[Savannah College of Art and Design]] ([[US]])
# [[SCONUL]] stands for Society of College, National and University Libraries
# [[SCORM]] stands for Sharable Course (or Courseware or Content) Object Reference Model
# [[SCQF]] stands for [[Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework]] ([[UK]])
# [[SCRTVU]] stands for [[Sichuan Radio & TV University]] ([[China]]) - see also [[SRTVU]]
# [[Scuola IaD]] stands for [[Scuola IaD| Scuola per l'Istruzione a Distanza]], University of Rome Tor Vergata, [[Italy]]
# [[SDU]] (DK) stands for [[University of Southern Denmark]] ([[Denmark]]) - or:
# SDU (KR) stands for [[Seoul Digital University]] ([[Korea]])
# [[SEAMOLEC]] stands for [[South Asian Minister of Education Organization Regional Open Learning Center]], [[Indonesia]]
# [[SEEL]] stands for [[Supporting Excellence in eLearning]]
# [[SEEQUEL]] stands for [[Sustainable Environment for the Evaluation of Quality in eLearning]]
# [[SEFI]] stands for [[European Society for Engineering Education]]
# [[SEU]] stands for [[Southeast University]] ([[Bangladesh]])
# [[SFC]] stands for the [[Scottish Funding Council]] ([[UK]])
# [[SFEFC]] stood for the former ''Scottish Further Education Funding Council'', now part of the [[Scottish Funding Council]] ([[UK]])
# [[SFU]] stands for [[Simon Fraser University]], in Vancouver, [[Canada]]
# [[SHEFC]] stands for the former ''Scottish Higher Education Funding Council'', now part of the [[Scottish Funding Council]] ([[UK]])
# [[SHTVU]] stands for [[Shanghai TV University]] - see also [[STVU]]
# [[SHU]] stands for [[Sheffield Hallam University]] ([[UK]])
# [[SPC]] stands for [[St. Petersburg College]] ([[US]])
# [[SREB]] stands for [[Southern Regional Electronic Board]] ([[Electronic Campus]])
# [[SRTVU]] stands for [[Sichuan Radio & TV University]] ([[China]]) - see also [[SCRTVU]]
# [[STOU]] stands for [[Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University]] ([[Thailand]])
# [[STVU]] stands for [[Shanghai TV University]] - see also [[SHTVU]]
# [[SUA]] stands for [[Sokoine University of Agriculture]] ([[Tanzania]])
# [[SURF]] stands for the Dutch educational network ([[Netherlands]])
# [[SURFnet]] stands for SURF network ([[Netherlands]])
# [[SVC]] stands for [[Swiss Virtual Campus]]
# [[SVU]] stands for [[Syrian Virtual University]]
# [[SXRTVU]] stands for [[Shaanxi Radio and Television University]] ([[China]])
# [[SYTVU]] stands for [[Shenyang Radio & TV University]]
# [[SYTVU]] stands for [[Shenyang Radio & TV University]] ([[China]])
# [[TDU]] stand for [[Thematic Digital Universities]], [[France]]
# [[TechBC]] stand for the former [[Technical University of British Columbia]], [[Canada]]
# [[TÉLUQ ]] (and various variants) stands for the [[Télé-université]] du Québec, now part of the [[Université du Québec à Montréal]] ([[UQAM]])
# [[TGOU]] stands for the [[The Global Open University of Zambia]]
# [[TJRTVU]] stands for [[Tianjin Radio & TV University]], [[China]]
# [[TKK]] stands for [[Helsinki University of Technology]] ('''''T'''eknillinen '''k'''orkea'''k'''oulu'')
# [[TLTP]] stands for Teaching and Learning Technology Programme ([[UK]])
# [[TNOU]] stands for [[Tamil Nadu Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[TQEF]] stands for [[Teaching Quality Enhancement Fund]] ([[UK]])
# [[TRU]] stands for [[Thompson Rivers University]] ([[Canada]])
# [[TUT]] stands for [[Tallinn University of Technology]] ([[Estonia]]) or:
# TUT stands for [[Tshwane University of Technology]] ([[South Africa]])
# [[TVU]] stands for [[Tamil Virtual University]] ([[India]])
# [[U21]] stands for [[Universitas 21]]
# UAB (BR) stands for [[Universidade Aberta do Brasil]] ([[Brazil]])
# [[UAb]] (PT) stands for [[Universidade Aberta]], the [[Portuguese Open University]] ([[Portugal]])
# [[UAE]] stands for [[United Arab Emirates]] (the country)
# [[UArctic]] stands for [[University of the Arctic]]
# [[UB]] stands for [[University of Baltimore]] ([[US]])
# [[UCAS]] stands for Universities and Colleges Admissions System ([[UK]])
# [[UCC]] stands for [[University College Copenhagen]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[UCF]] stands for [[University of Central Florida]] ([[US]])
# [[UCISA]] stands for the Universities and Colleges Information Systems Association ([[UK]])
# [[UCJ]] stands for [[Jutland University College]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[UCN]] stands for [[University College of Northern Denmark]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[UCOL]] stands for [[Universal College of Learning]] ([[New Zealand]])
# [[UCSC]] stands for [[University of Colombo School of Computing]] ([[Sri Lanka]])
# [[UCSJ]] stands for [[University College Sealand]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[UCSouth]] stands for [[University College South]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[UCT]] stands for [[University of Cape Town]] ([[South Africa]])
# [[UDIMA]] stands for [[Universidad a distancia de Madrid]], or Open University of Madrid ([[Spain]])
# [[UEF]] stands for the [[University of Eastern Finland]] ([[Finland]])
# [[Ufi]] (or sometimes [[UFI]]) stands for [[University for Industry]], who deliver [[learndirect]] ([[UK]])
# [[UFS]] stands for [[University of the Free State]] ([[South Africa]])
# [[UGent]] stands for [[Universiteit Gent]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[UHI]] stands for [[University of the Highlands and Islands]] ([[Scotland]]) ([[UK]])
# [[UiTM]] stands for [[Universiti Teknologi MARA]] ([[Malaysia]])
# [[UK]] stands for [[United Kingdom]] - see also the University of Kentucky ([[US]])
# [[UKeU]] is the [[UK e-University]], more properly called [[UK eUniversities Worldwide Limited]] ([[UK]])
# [[UKEU]] stands for [[UK eUniversities Worldwide Limited]], or the [[UK eUniversity]] ([[UK]])
# [[UKOLN]] stands for UK Office for Library and Information Networking ([[UK]])
# [[UKOU]] stands for UK [[Open University]] ([[UK]])
# [[ULB]] stands for [[Université Libre de Bruxelles]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[ULC]] stands for [[University College Lillebaelt]] ([[Denmark]])
# [[ULg]] stands for [[University of Liege]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[ULPGC]] stands for [[University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]] ([[Canary Islands]]; [[Spain]])
# [[UMH]] stands for the [[Université de Mons-Hainaut]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[UMUC]] stands for [[University of Maryland University College]] ([[US]])
# [[UNAD]] stands for [[Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia]] ([[Colombia]])
# [[UNAM]] stands for [[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]] ([[Mexico]])
# [[UnB]] stands for [[University of Brazil]] (Universidade de Brasilia) ([[Brazil]])
# [[UNE]] (AU) stands for [[University of New England]] ([[Australia]]) - or:
# UNE (US) stands for [[University of New England (US)]]
# [[UNED]] stands for [[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]] ([[Costa Rica]])
# [[UNED]] stands for [[Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia]] ([[Spain]])
# [[UNESCO]] stands for the [[United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]]
# [[UNIA]] stands for the [[International University of Andalusia]] ([[Spain]])
# [[UNIACC]] stands for [[Universidad de las Artes, Ciencias, y Comunicaciones]] ([[Chile]])
# [[Uniandes]] stands for [[University of the Andes]] ([[Colombia]])
# [[UNIEDPA]] stands for [[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]] ([[Panama]])
# [[UNINETT]] is the National Education and Research Network for [[Norway]]
# [[UNI-QM]] stands for [[European University Quality Management Tools for Lifelong Learning]]
# [[UniSA]] stands for [[University of South Australia]] ([[Australia]])
# [[UNISA]] stands for the [[UNISA Online Campus]] at the [[University of South Africa]] ([[South Africa]])
# [[UNISIM]] or [[UniSIM]] stands for [[SIM University]] ([[Singapore]])
# [[UNITAR]] stands for [[Universiti Tun Abdul Razak]] ([[Malaysia]])
# [[UNIURB]] stands for [[University of Urbino "Carlo Bo"]] ([[Italy]])
# [[UNR]] stands for [[Universités numériques en région]] ([[France]])
# [[UNT]] stands for [[Universités Numériques Thématiques]] ([[France]])
# [[UOB]] stands for [[University of Bahrain]] ([[Bahrain]])
# [[UOC]] stands for [[Universitat Oberta de Catalunya]], the ''Open University of Catalonia'' ([[Spain]]
# [[UoP]] stands for [[University of the People]] ([[US]])
# [[UOPX]] stands for [[University of Phoenix]] ([[US]])
# [[UOU]] stands for [[Uttarakhand Open University]] ([[India]] )
# [[UPM]] stands for [[Universidad Politécnica de Madrid]], the [[Technical University of Madrid]] ([[Spain]])
# [[UPOU]] stands for [[University of the Philippines Open University]] ([[Philippines]])
# [[UPRTOU]] stands for [[U.P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[URJC]] stands for [[Rey Juan Carlos University]] ([[Spain]])
# [[UQAM]] stands for the [[Université du Québec à Montréal]] ([[Canada]])
# [[USDLA]] stands for the [[United States Distance Learning Association]] ([[United States]])
# [[USM]] stands for [[Universiti Sains Malaysia]] ([[Malaysia]])
# [[USOU]] stands for [[United States Open University]] ([[United States]])
# [[USP]] (BR) stands for the [[University of Sao Paulo]] ([[Brazil]]) or:
# [[USP]] (FJ) stands for the [[University of the South Pacific]] ([[Fiji]]) (online learning)
# [[USQ]] (AU) stands for [[University of Southern Queensland]] ([[Australia]])
# [[USV]] stands for [[Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava]] ([[Romania]])
# [[UAPA]] stands for [[Open University for Adults]] ([[Dominican Republic]])
# [[UT]] (NL) stands for [[University of Twente]] ([[Netherlands]]) - (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# [[UT]] (IN) stands for [[Universitas Terbuka]] ([[Indonesia]]) - (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation) - or:
# [[UT]] (EE) stands for [[University of Tartu]] ([[Estonia]]) - (we do not use the two-letter abbreviation)
# [[UTPL]] stands for [[Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja]] ([[Ecuador]])
# [[UUK]] stands for [[Universities UK]] ([[United Kingdom]])
# [[UVF]] stands for [[Université Virtuelle Francophone]] ([[Canada]])
# [[UVPL]] stands for [[Université Virtuelle en Pays de la Loire]] ([[France]])
# [[UVQ]] stands for [[Universidad Virtual de Quilmes]] ([[Argentina]])
# [[UVT]] stands for [[Université Virtuelle de Tunis]] ([[Tunisia]])
# [[UWI]] stands for [[University of the West Indies]]
# [[UWIDEC]] stands for [[University of the West Indies]] - Distance Education Centre
# [[UWO]] stands for [[University of Western Ontario]] ([[Canada]])
# [[UWS]] stands for [[University of the West of Scotland]] ([[UK]])
# [[VCSE]] stands for [[Virtual Campus for A Sustainable Europe]]
# [[VEBS]] stands for [[Virtual European Banking School]]
# [[VENUS]] stands for [[Virtual and E-mobility for Networking Universities in Society]]
# [[VFH]] stands for [[Hochschulverbund Virtuelle Fachhochschule]] ([[Germany]]))
# [[VGU]] stands for the [[Virtual Global University]]
# [[VHB]] stands for [[Bavarian Virtual University]] ([[Germany]])
# [[ViCaDiS]] stands for [[Virtual Campus for Digital Students]]
# [[VICTORIOUS]] stands for [[VIrtual Curricula ThrOugh Reliable InterOperating University Systems]]
# [[VIPA]] stands for [[VIrtual campus for virtual space design Provided for european Architects]]
# [[VirtUE]] stands for [[Virtual University for Europe]]
# [[VM-BASE]] stands for [[Virtual Mobility Before and After Student Exchanges]]
# [[VMOU]] stands for [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[VŠERS]] stands for [[College of European and Regional Studies]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[VSZDRAV]] stands for [[College of Nursing and Midwifery]] ([[Czech Republic]])
# [[VU]] stands for [[Pakistan Virtual University]] or Virtual University of Pakistan
# [[VUB]] stands for [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[VUSAT]] stands for [[Virtual University for the Semi-Arid Tropics]] ([[India]])
# [[VUSME]] stands for [[Virtual University for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises]]
# [[VUSSC]] stands for [[Virtual University for Small States of the Commonwealth]]
# [[W&K]] stands for [[Hogeschool voor Wetenschap & Kunst]] / [[University College for Sciences and Arts]] ([[Belgium]])
# [[WADEA]] stands for the [[West African Distance Education Association]]
# [[WCEL]] stands for [[Waikato Centre for eLearning]] ([[New Zealand]])
# [[WCET]] stands for Western Cooperative for Educational Telecommunications
# [[Webcampus]] of the [[Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix]] (FUNDP) ([[Belgium]])
# [[WGU]] stands for [[Western Governors University]] ([[US]])
# [[WHOLE]] stands for [[Web-based health Organisations Learning Environment]]
# [[WOU]] stands for [[Wawasan Open University]]
# [[WTO]] stands for World Trade Organisation
# [[XML]] stands for Extensible Markup Language
# [[YCMOU]] stands for [[Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University]] ([[India]])
# [[YÖK]] stands for ''Yükseköğretim Kurulu'', the Turkish for [[Council of Higher Education (Turkey)]]
# [[YRTVU]] stands for [[Yunnan Radio & TV University]] ([[China]])
# [[ZFH]] stands for [[Zentralstelle für Fernstudien an Fachhochschulen]] ([[Germany]])
# [[ZFUW]] stands for [[Zentrum für Fernstudien und Universitäre Weiterbildung]] ([[Germany]])
# [[ZOU]] stands for [[Zimbabwe Open University]]

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> [[Programmes]]
 
>> [[Main Page]]

[[Category:Abbreviations| ]]

India

2009-08-12T17:50:41Z

Rcsharma: /* Open Universities */

== Partners situated in India ==

None.

''Members of IAC?''

== India in a nutshell ==

''India'', officially the '''Republic of India''' (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य '''Bhārat Gaṇarājya'''), is a country in South [[Asia]].

It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 kilometers (4,671 mi). It is bordered by [[Pakistan]] to the west; People's Republic of [[China]] (PRC), [[Nepal]], and [[Bhutan]] to the north; and [[Bangladesh]] and [[Myanmar]] to the east. India is in the vicinity of [[Sri Lanka]], the [[Maldives]], and [[Indonesia]] in the Indian Ocean.

The population of India is 1,147 million.

India is a republic consisting of 28 states and seven union territories with a parliamentary system of democracy. It has the world's twelfth largest economy at market exchange rates and the fourth largest in purchasing power. Economic reforms since 1991 have transformed it into one of the fastest growing economies; however, it still suffers from high levels of poverty, illiteracy, and malnutrition.

A pluralistic, multilingual, and multi-ethnic society, India is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

'''Government'''

The preamble of the constitution defines India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. India has a bicameral parliament operating under a Westminster-style parliamentary system. Its form of government was traditionally described as being "quasi-federal" with a strong centre and weaker states, but it has grown increasingly federal since the late 1990s as a result of political, economic and social changes.

The President of India is the head of state, elected indirectly by an electoral college for a five-year term.

The Prime Minister is the head of government and exercises most executive powers. Appointed by the President, the Prime Minister is by convention supported by the party or political alliance holding the majority of seats in the lower house of Parliament.

The executive branch consists of the President, Vice-President, and the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet being its executive committee) headed by the Prime Minister. Any minister holding a portfolio must be a member of either house of parliament. In the Indian parliamentary system, the executive is subordinate to the legislature, with the Prime Minister and his Council being directly responsible to the lower house of the Parliament.

The Legislature of India is the bicameral Parliament, which consists of the upper house called the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the lower house called the Lok Sabha (House of People). The Rajya Sabha, a permanent body, has 245 members serving staggered six year terms. Most are elected indirectly by the state and territorial legislatures in proportion to the state's population. 543 of the Lok Sabha's 545 members are directly elected by popular vote to represent individual constituencies for five year terms. The other two members are nominated by the President from the Anglo-Indian community if the President is of the opinion that the community is not adequately represented.

India has a unitary three-tier judiciary, consisting of the Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of India, twenty-one High Courts, and a large number of trial courts. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction over cases involving fundamental rights and over disputes between states and the Centre, and appellate jurisdiction over the High Courts. It is judicially independent, and has the power to declare the law and to strike down Union or State laws which contravene the Constitution. The role as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution is one of the most important functions of the Supreme Court.

'''States'''

India consists of twenty-eight states and seven Union Territories. All states, and the two union territories of Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments patterened on the Westminister model. The other five union territories have centrally appointed administrators and hence are under direct rule of the President. In 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, states were formed on a linguistic basis. Since then, this structure has remained largely unchanged. Each state or union territory is further divided into 610 districts for basic governance and administration. The districts in turn are further divided into tehsils and eventually into villages.

The States are:

# Andhra Pradesh
# Arunachal Pradesh
# Assam
# Bihar
# Chhattisgarh
# Goa
# Gujarat
# Haryana
# Himachal Pradesh
# Jammu and Kashmir
# Jharkhand
# Karnataka
# Kerala
# Madhya Pradesh
# Maharashtra
# Manipur
# Meghalaya
# Mizoram
# Nagaland
# Orissa
# Punjab
# Rajasthan
# Sikkim
# Tamil Nadu
# Tripura
# Uttar Pradesh
# Uttarakhand
# West Bengal

Union Territories:

# Andaman and Nicobar Islands
# Chandigarh
# Dadra and Nagar Haveli
# Daman and Diu
# Lakshadweep
# National Capital Territory of Delhi
# Puducherry

'''Demographics'''

With an estimated population of 1.17 billion, representing 17% of the world population, India is the world's second most populous country. The last 50 years have seen a rapid increase in population due to medical advances and massive increase in agricultural productivity made by the green revolution.

Almost 70% of Indians reside in rural areas, although in recent decades migration to larger cities has led to a dramatic increase in the country's urban population. India's largest cities are Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Delhi, Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), Chennai (formerly Madras), Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore), Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

India is the most culturally, linguistically and genetically diverse geographical entity after the African continent. India is home to two major linguistic families: Indo-Aryan (spoken by about 74% of the population) and Dravidian (spoken by about 24%). Other languages spoken in India come from the Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman linguistic families.

Hindi, with the largest number of speakers, is the official language of the union.

English, which is extensively used in business and administration, has the status of a 'subsidiary official language'; it is also important in education, especially as a medium of higher education.

In addition, every state and union territory has its own official languages, and the constitution also recognises in particular 21 other languages that are either abundantly spoken or have classical status. While Sanskrit and Tamil have been studied as classical languages for many years, the Government of India, using its own criteria, has also accorded classical language status to Kannada and Telugu. The number of dialects in India is as high as 1,652.

Over 800 million Indians (80.5%) are Hindu. Other religious groups include
* Muslims (13.4%),
* Christians (2.3%),
* Sikhs (1.9%),
* Buddhists (0.8%),
* Jains (0.4%),
* Jews, Zoroastrians, Bahá'ís and others.

Tribals constitute 8.1% of the population.

India has the third-highest Muslim population in the world and has the highest population of Muslims for a non-Muslim majority country.

India's literacy rate is 64.8% (53.7% for females and 75.3% for males). The state of Kerala has the highest literacy rate (91%); Bihar has the lowest (47%). The national human sex ratio is 944 females per 1,000 males.

India's median age is 24.9, and the population growth rate of 1.38% per annum; there are 22.01 births per 1,000 people per year.

== India education policy ==

Education in the Republic of India falls under the control of both the central government and the states, with some responsibilities lying with the centre and the state having autonomy for others. The various articles of the Indian constitution provide for education as a fundamental right.

India has made huge progress in terms of increasing primary education attendance rate and expanding literacy to approximately two thirds of the population. However, education is still far behind developing countries such as China or Thailand. Most children never attend secondary schools. An optimistic estimate is that only one in five job-seekers in India has ever had any sort of vocational training.

Not a single Indian university was in the top 300 of Academic Ranking of World Universities in 2006. However, six Indian Institutes of Technology and Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, were listed among the top 20 science and technology schools in Asia by Asiaweek. The Indian School of Business was ranked number 15 in global MBA rankings by the Financial Times of London in 2009 while the All India Institute of Medical Sciences has been recognized as a global leader in medical research and treatment. Similarly, the National Law School of India University situated in Bangalore is often considered to be the best law school in South Asia and a pioneer in legal education in India.

== India education system ==

The '''[[National Council of Educational Research and Training]]''' (NCERT) is the apex body for school education in India. The NCERT provides support and technical assistance to a number of schools in India and oversees many aspects of enforcement of education policies.

In India, the various bodies governing the school education system are:
* The state government boards, in which the majority of Indian children are enrolled.
* The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) board.
* The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) board.
* The National Institute of Open Schooling.
* International schools affiliated to the International Baccalaureate Programme and/or the Cambridge International Examinations.
* Islamic Madrasah schools, whose boards are controlled by local state governments, or autonomous, or affiliated with Darul Uloom Deoband.
* Autonomous schools like Woodstock School, Auroville, Patha Bhavan and Ananda Marga Gurukula.

'''Primary education'''

The Indian government lays emphasis to primary education up to the age of fourteen years. The Indian government has also banned child labor in order to ensure that the children do not enter unsafe working conditions. However, both free education and the ban on child labor are difficult to enforce due to economic disparity and social conditions.

The District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) was launched in 1994 with an aim to universalize primary education in India by reforming and vitalizing the existing primary education system. 85% of the DPEP is funded by the central government and the remaining 15 percent is funded by the state. The DPEP, which has opened 160000 new schools including 84000 alternative education schools delivering alternative education to approximately 3.5 million children, is also supported by UNICEF and other international programmes. This primary education scheme has also shown a high Gross Enrollment Ratio of 93–95% for the last three years in some states. Significant improvement in staffing and enrollment of girls has also been made as a part of this scheme. The overall primary school conditions in India as a whole continued to remain lag behind internationally due to understaffing coupled with lack of developed infrastructure and sufficient financing.Education has also been made free for children up to the age of 14 or class IX[18]

'''Secondary education'''

The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as Yoga into the Indian secondary school system. A significant feature of India's secondary school system is the emphasis on inclusion of the disadvantaged sections of the society Professionals from established institutes are often called to support in vocational training. Another feature of India's secondary school system is its emphasis on profession based vocational training to help students attain skills for finding a vocation of his/her choosing.

A special Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) programme was started in 1974. Another notable special programme, the Kendriya Vidyalaya project, was started for the employees of the central government of India, who are distributed throughout the country. The government started the Kendriya Vidyalaya project in 1965 to provide uniform education in institutions following the same syllabus at the same pace regardless of the location to which the employee's family has been transferred.

== Higher education ==

''India's higher education system is the third largest in the world, after [[China]] and the [[United States]].''

The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants Commission (India), which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by 12 autonomous agencies established by the University Grants Commission.

As of 2009, India has 20 central universities, 215 state universities, 100 deemed universities, 5 institutions established and functioning under the State Act, and 13 institutes which are of national importance.

Other institutions include 16000 colleges, including 1800 exclusive women's colleges, functioning under these universities and institutions.[24] The emphasis in the tertiary level of education lies on science and technology. Indian educational institutions by 2004 consisted of a large number of technology institutes. As of 2006 some 1200 engineering colleges awarded degrees in India and approximately 380000 students were admitted in them.[28] Distance learning is also a feature of the Indian higher education system.

Some institutions of India, such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), have been globally acclaimed for their standard of education. The IITs enroll about 4000 students annually and the alumni have contributed to both the growth of the private sector and the public sectors of India. IIT graduates of India have also contributed significantly to the global software industry, with an estimated 30000 graduates employed in the United States as of 2006.<

=== Universities in India ===

==== Central Universities ====
(sourced from http://www.indiaedu.com/universities/central-universities/)

While other universities in the country are established by the State Governments, a ''Central University'' in India is formed by the Government of India, by an Act of Parliament.

The Government of India is responsible for arranging, allocating and distributing financial resources required by the University Grants Commission (UGC) for the establishment of Central Universities in India. Currently there are 20 Central Universities in India.

Some of the special features of Central Universities are-
* The President of India acts as the "Visitor" for all the Central Universities
* The President has the power to nominate a few members to the Executive Committee/Board of Management/Court/Selection Committees of the University in terms of the various statutes and provisions laid down in the University Act.
* The Ministry of Human Resources and Development (MHRD) assists the President of India in the appointment of Vice Chancellors, Court Nominees and Selection Committee Nominees.

The following are the Central Universities in India:
# Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
# Assam University, Silchar
# Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
# Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
# English and Foreign Languages University
# Indraprastha University
# Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi
# Manipur University
# Maulana Azad National Urdu University
# Delhi University (DU)
# Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya, Maharashtra
# Mizoram University
# Nagaland University, Lumami
# North Eastern Hill University
# Pondicherry University
# Tezpur University,Assam
# University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
# University of Hyderabad
# Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal
# Jawaharlal Nehru University

==== Other universities ====

India has several hundred other public universities, supported by the Government of India and the state governments. Apart from these there are private universities supported by various bodies and societies.

For long list arranged by state see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_universities_in_India

=== Polytechnics in India ===

== Higher education reform ==

=== The Bologna Process ===

== Administration and finance ==

== Quality assurance ==

== India's HEIs in the information society ==

=== Towards the information society ===

One of the key drivers towards the information society is the [[National Knowledge Commission]]. This is a high-level advisory body to the Prime Minister of India, with the objective of transforming India into a knowledge society. It covers sectors ranging from education to e-governance in the five focus areas of the knowledge paradigm, including education.

=== Information society strategy ===

== Virtual Campuses in HE ==

=== Interesting Virtual Campus Initiatives ===

==== Open Universities ====

Open universities in India are regulated by the [http://www.dec.ac.in/ Distance Education Council of India (DEC)]. It is an organization based in New Delhi which maintains the standards, encourages and organizes the activities of Open and Distance learning in India (ODL).

There are 15 Open Universities in India at present:

# [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]] - the main open university and the one best known outside India - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_National_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University]]
# [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]], Ahmedabad - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Babasaheb_Ambedkar_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Karnataka State Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka_State_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Kota Open University]] - see http://www.indiaeducation.ernet.in/insitutions/PROFILENEW.ASP?no=U00577
# [[Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh_Bhoj_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Nalanda Open University]]
# [[Netaji Subhas Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netaji_Subhas_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University]], Chhattisgarh
# [[Tamil Nadu Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yashwantrao_Chavan_Maharashtra_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardhaman_Mahaveer_Open_University wikipedia entry]

The Yearwise establishment of the Open Universities in India is as mentioned hereunder

Year of Establishment Name of Open University

1982 Dr B R Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad

1985 Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi

1987 Vardhman Mahaveer Open University, Kota, Rajasthan

1987 Nalanda Open University, Patna, Bihar

1989 Yashwantrao Chavan Maharastra Open University, Nasik, Maharastra

1991 Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

1994 Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Open University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat

1996 Karnataka State Open University, Mysore, Karnataka

1997 Netaji Subhash Open University, Kolkata, West Bengal

1998 Uttar Pradesh RajRishi Tandon Open University, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh

2002 Tamil Nadu Open University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

2005 Pandit Sundarlal Sharma Open University, Raipur,

2006 The Global Open University, Nagaland

2007 K K Handique Open University, Guwahati, Assam

2007 Uttranchal Open University, Dehradun, UttraKhand

==== Private Sector Initiatives ====

Various Privately owned Non Profit's have forayed into Distance and Open Learning over the past decade. Very few of these have succeeded in extending these initiatives over the Virtual Mode. Such few notable exceptions are below.

University18 : A non profit private-sector initiative [[University18]], in partnership with the [[Karnataka State Open University]] has made substantial progress, delivering MBA Programs in a Virtual Learning Environment. see also [http://www.university18.edu.in] .

NetVarsity : The private-sector operation [[NetVarsity]] (part of NIIT) is also interesting.

=== Interesting Programmes ===

=== Re.ViCa Case-study ===

None.

== Lessons learnt ==

* Is there sometimes more chance of innovation from provincial initiatives than from national?

== References ==

# A study on Possibilities Of Virtual Campus For Distance Learners of Diploma Engineering Programmes In India - see http://www.formatex.org/micte2006/virtual/pdf/58.pdf
# National Knowledge Commission, ''Report to the Nation 2006-2009, Full Report'' - see http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/report2009/eng/report09.pdf
# National Knowledge Commission, ''Report to the Nation 2006-2009, Baseline (Annexure 1)'' - see http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/report2009/eng/5_Baseline.pdf

----
> [[Countries]]
 
>> [[Main Page]]

[[Category:India| ]]
[[Category:Asia]]
[[Category:G-20 countries]]
[[Category:Rising Powers]]

India

2009-08-12T17:48:56Z

Rcsharma: /* Open Universities */

== Partners situated in India ==

None.

''Members of IAC?''

== India in a nutshell ==

''India'', officially the '''Republic of India''' (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य '''Bhārat Gaṇarājya'''), is a country in South [[Asia]].

It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 kilometers (4,671 mi). It is bordered by [[Pakistan]] to the west; People's Republic of [[China]] (PRC), [[Nepal]], and [[Bhutan]] to the north; and [[Bangladesh]] and [[Myanmar]] to the east. India is in the vicinity of [[Sri Lanka]], the [[Maldives]], and [[Indonesia]] in the Indian Ocean.

The population of India is 1,147 million.

India is a republic consisting of 28 states and seven union territories with a parliamentary system of democracy. It has the world's twelfth largest economy at market exchange rates and the fourth largest in purchasing power. Economic reforms since 1991 have transformed it into one of the fastest growing economies; however, it still suffers from high levels of poverty, illiteracy, and malnutrition.

A pluralistic, multilingual, and multi-ethnic society, India is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

'''Government'''

The preamble of the constitution defines India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. India has a bicameral parliament operating under a Westminster-style parliamentary system. Its form of government was traditionally described as being "quasi-federal" with a strong centre and weaker states, but it has grown increasingly federal since the late 1990s as a result of political, economic and social changes.

The President of India is the head of state, elected indirectly by an electoral college for a five-year term.

The Prime Minister is the head of government and exercises most executive powers. Appointed by the President, the Prime Minister is by convention supported by the party or political alliance holding the majority of seats in the lower house of Parliament.

The executive branch consists of the President, Vice-President, and the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet being its executive committee) headed by the Prime Minister. Any minister holding a portfolio must be a member of either house of parliament. In the Indian parliamentary system, the executive is subordinate to the legislature, with the Prime Minister and his Council being directly responsible to the lower house of the Parliament.

The Legislature of India is the bicameral Parliament, which consists of the upper house called the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the lower house called the Lok Sabha (House of People). The Rajya Sabha, a permanent body, has 245 members serving staggered six year terms. Most are elected indirectly by the state and territorial legislatures in proportion to the state's population. 543 of the Lok Sabha's 545 members are directly elected by popular vote to represent individual constituencies for five year terms. The other two members are nominated by the President from the Anglo-Indian community if the President is of the opinion that the community is not adequately represented.

India has a unitary three-tier judiciary, consisting of the Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of India, twenty-one High Courts, and a large number of trial courts. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction over cases involving fundamental rights and over disputes between states and the Centre, and appellate jurisdiction over the High Courts. It is judicially independent, and has the power to declare the law and to strike down Union or State laws which contravene the Constitution. The role as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution is one of the most important functions of the Supreme Court.

'''States'''

India consists of twenty-eight states and seven Union Territories. All states, and the two union territories of Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments patterened on the Westminister model. The other five union territories have centrally appointed administrators and hence are under direct rule of the President. In 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, states were formed on a linguistic basis. Since then, this structure has remained largely unchanged. Each state or union territory is further divided into 610 districts for basic governance and administration. The districts in turn are further divided into tehsils and eventually into villages.

The States are:

# Andhra Pradesh
# Arunachal Pradesh
# Assam
# Bihar
# Chhattisgarh
# Goa
# Gujarat
# Haryana
# Himachal Pradesh
# Jammu and Kashmir
# Jharkhand
# Karnataka
# Kerala
# Madhya Pradesh
# Maharashtra
# Manipur
# Meghalaya
# Mizoram
# Nagaland
# Orissa
# Punjab
# Rajasthan
# Sikkim
# Tamil Nadu
# Tripura
# Uttar Pradesh
# Uttarakhand
# West Bengal

Union Territories:

# Andaman and Nicobar Islands
# Chandigarh
# Dadra and Nagar Haveli
# Daman and Diu
# Lakshadweep
# National Capital Territory of Delhi
# Puducherry

'''Demographics'''

With an estimated population of 1.17 billion, representing 17% of the world population, India is the world's second most populous country. The last 50 years have seen a rapid increase in population due to medical advances and massive increase in agricultural productivity made by the green revolution.

Almost 70% of Indians reside in rural areas, although in recent decades migration to larger cities has led to a dramatic increase in the country's urban population. India's largest cities are Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Delhi, Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), Chennai (formerly Madras), Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore), Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

India is the most culturally, linguistically and genetically diverse geographical entity after the African continent. India is home to two major linguistic families: Indo-Aryan (spoken by about 74% of the population) and Dravidian (spoken by about 24%). Other languages spoken in India come from the Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman linguistic families.

Hindi, with the largest number of speakers, is the official language of the union.

English, which is extensively used in business and administration, has the status of a 'subsidiary official language'; it is also important in education, especially as a medium of higher education.

In addition, every state and union territory has its own official languages, and the constitution also recognises in particular 21 other languages that are either abundantly spoken or have classical status. While Sanskrit and Tamil have been studied as classical languages for many years, the Government of India, using its own criteria, has also accorded classical language status to Kannada and Telugu. The number of dialects in India is as high as 1,652.

Over 800 million Indians (80.5%) are Hindu. Other religious groups include
* Muslims (13.4%),
* Christians (2.3%),
* Sikhs (1.9%),
* Buddhists (0.8%),
* Jains (0.4%),
* Jews, Zoroastrians, Bahá'ís and others.

Tribals constitute 8.1% of the population.

India has the third-highest Muslim population in the world and has the highest population of Muslims for a non-Muslim majority country.

India's literacy rate is 64.8% (53.7% for females and 75.3% for males). The state of Kerala has the highest literacy rate (91%); Bihar has the lowest (47%). The national human sex ratio is 944 females per 1,000 males.

India's median age is 24.9, and the population growth rate of 1.38% per annum; there are 22.01 births per 1,000 people per year.

== India education policy ==

Education in the Republic of India falls under the control of both the central government and the states, with some responsibilities lying with the centre and the state having autonomy for others. The various articles of the Indian constitution provide for education as a fundamental right.

India has made huge progress in terms of increasing primary education attendance rate and expanding literacy to approximately two thirds of the population. However, education is still far behind developing countries such as China or Thailand. Most children never attend secondary schools. An optimistic estimate is that only one in five job-seekers in India has ever had any sort of vocational training.

Not a single Indian university was in the top 300 of Academic Ranking of World Universities in 2006. However, six Indian Institutes of Technology and Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, were listed among the top 20 science and technology schools in Asia by Asiaweek. The Indian School of Business was ranked number 15 in global MBA rankings by the Financial Times of London in 2009 while the All India Institute of Medical Sciences has been recognized as a global leader in medical research and treatment. Similarly, the National Law School of India University situated in Bangalore is often considered to be the best law school in South Asia and a pioneer in legal education in India.

== India education system ==

The '''[[National Council of Educational Research and Training]]''' (NCERT) is the apex body for school education in India. The NCERT provides support and technical assistance to a number of schools in India and oversees many aspects of enforcement of education policies.

In India, the various bodies governing the school education system are:
* The state government boards, in which the majority of Indian children are enrolled.
* The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) board.
* The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) board.
* The National Institute of Open Schooling.
* International schools affiliated to the International Baccalaureate Programme and/or the Cambridge International Examinations.
* Islamic Madrasah schools, whose boards are controlled by local state governments, or autonomous, or affiliated with Darul Uloom Deoband.
* Autonomous schools like Woodstock School, Auroville, Patha Bhavan and Ananda Marga Gurukula.

'''Primary education'''

The Indian government lays emphasis to primary education up to the age of fourteen years. The Indian government has also banned child labor in order to ensure that the children do not enter unsafe working conditions. However, both free education and the ban on child labor are difficult to enforce due to economic disparity and social conditions.

The District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) was launched in 1994 with an aim to universalize primary education in India by reforming and vitalizing the existing primary education system. 85% of the DPEP is funded by the central government and the remaining 15 percent is funded by the state. The DPEP, which has opened 160000 new schools including 84000 alternative education schools delivering alternative education to approximately 3.5 million children, is also supported by UNICEF and other international programmes. This primary education scheme has also shown a high Gross Enrollment Ratio of 93–95% for the last three years in some states. Significant improvement in staffing and enrollment of girls has also been made as a part of this scheme. The overall primary school conditions in India as a whole continued to remain lag behind internationally due to understaffing coupled with lack of developed infrastructure and sufficient financing.Education has also been made free for children up to the age of 14 or class IX[18]

'''Secondary education'''

The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as Yoga into the Indian secondary school system. A significant feature of India's secondary school system is the emphasis on inclusion of the disadvantaged sections of the society Professionals from established institutes are often called to support in vocational training. Another feature of India's secondary school system is its emphasis on profession based vocational training to help students attain skills for finding a vocation of his/her choosing.

A special Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) programme was started in 1974. Another notable special programme, the Kendriya Vidyalaya project, was started for the employees of the central government of India, who are distributed throughout the country. The government started the Kendriya Vidyalaya project in 1965 to provide uniform education in institutions following the same syllabus at the same pace regardless of the location to which the employee's family has been transferred.

== Higher education ==

''India's higher education system is the third largest in the world, after [[China]] and the [[United States]].''

The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants Commission (India), which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by 12 autonomous agencies established by the University Grants Commission.

As of 2009, India has 20 central universities, 215 state universities, 100 deemed universities, 5 institutions established and functioning under the State Act, and 13 institutes which are of national importance.

Other institutions include 16000 colleges, including 1800 exclusive women's colleges, functioning under these universities and institutions.[24] The emphasis in the tertiary level of education lies on science and technology. Indian educational institutions by 2004 consisted of a large number of technology institutes. As of 2006 some 1200 engineering colleges awarded degrees in India and approximately 380000 students were admitted in them.[28] Distance learning is also a feature of the Indian higher education system.

Some institutions of India, such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), have been globally acclaimed for their standard of education. The IITs enroll about 4000 students annually and the alumni have contributed to both the growth of the private sector and the public sectors of India. IIT graduates of India have also contributed significantly to the global software industry, with an estimated 30000 graduates employed in the United States as of 2006.<

=== Universities in India ===

==== Central Universities ====
(sourced from http://www.indiaedu.com/universities/central-universities/)

While other universities in the country are established by the State Governments, a ''Central University'' in India is formed by the Government of India, by an Act of Parliament.

The Government of India is responsible for arranging, allocating and distributing financial resources required by the University Grants Commission (UGC) for the establishment of Central Universities in India. Currently there are 20 Central Universities in India.

Some of the special features of Central Universities are-
* The President of India acts as the "Visitor" for all the Central Universities
* The President has the power to nominate a few members to the Executive Committee/Board of Management/Court/Selection Committees of the University in terms of the various statutes and provisions laid down in the University Act.
* The Ministry of Human Resources and Development (MHRD) assists the President of India in the appointment of Vice Chancellors, Court Nominees and Selection Committee Nominees.

The following are the Central Universities in India:
# Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
# Assam University, Silchar
# Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
# Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
# English and Foreign Languages University
# Indraprastha University
# Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi
# Manipur University
# Maulana Azad National Urdu University
# Delhi University (DU)
# Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya, Maharashtra
# Mizoram University
# Nagaland University, Lumami
# North Eastern Hill University
# Pondicherry University
# Tezpur University,Assam
# University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
# University of Hyderabad
# Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal
# Jawaharlal Nehru University

==== Other universities ====

India has several hundred other public universities, supported by the Government of India and the state governments. Apart from these there are private universities supported by various bodies and societies.

For long list arranged by state see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_universities_in_India

=== Polytechnics in India ===

== Higher education reform ==

=== The Bologna Process ===

== Administration and finance ==

== Quality assurance ==

== India's HEIs in the information society ==

=== Towards the information society ===

One of the key drivers towards the information society is the [[National Knowledge Commission]]. This is a high-level advisory body to the Prime Minister of India, with the objective of transforming India into a knowledge society. It covers sectors ranging from education to e-governance in the five focus areas of the knowledge paradigm, including education.

=== Information society strategy ===

== Virtual Campuses in HE ==

=== Interesting Virtual Campus Initiatives ===

==== Open Universities ====

Open universities in India are regulated by the [http://www.dec.ac.in/ Distance Education Council of India (DEC)]. It is an organization based in New Delhi which maintains the standards, encourages and organizes the activities of Open and Distance learning in India (ODL).

There are 15 Open Universities in India at present:

# [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]] - the main open university and the one best known outside India - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_National_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University]]
# [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]], Ahmedabad - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Babasaheb_Ambedkar_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Karnataka State Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka_State_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Kota Open University]] - see http://www.indiaeducation.ernet.in/insitutions/PROFILENEW.ASP?no=U00577
# [[Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh_Bhoj_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Nalanda Open University]]
# [[Netaji Subhas Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netaji_Subhas_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University]], Chhattisgarh
# [[Tamil Nadu Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yashwantrao_Chavan_Maharashtra_Open_University wikipedia entry]
# [[Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University]] - see also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardhaman_Mahaveer_Open_University wikipedia entry]

The Yearwise establishment of the Open Universities in India is as mentioned hereunder
Year of Establishment Name of Open University
1982 Dr B R Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad
1985 Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi
1987 Vardhman Mahaveer Open University, Kota, Rajasthan
1987 Nalanda Open University, Patna, Bihar
1989 Yashwantrao Chavan Maharastra Open University, Nasik, Maharastra
1991 Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
1994 Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Open University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
1996 Karnataka State Open University, Mysore, Karnataka
1997 Netaji Subhash Open University, Kolkata, West Bengal
1998 Uttar Pradesh RajRishi Tandon Open University, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
2002 Tamil Nadu Open University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2005 Pandit Sundarlal Sharma Open University, Raipur,
2006 The Global Open University, Nagaland
2007 K K Handique Open University, Guwahati, Assam
2007 Uttranchal Open University, Dehradun, UttraKhand

==== Private Sector Initiatives ====

Various Privately owned Non Profit's have forayed into Distance and Open Learning over the past decade. Very few of these have succeeded in extending these initiatives over the Virtual Mode. Such few notable exceptions are below.

University18 : A non profit private-sector initiative [[University18]], in partnership with the [[Karnataka State Open University]] has made substantial progress, delivering MBA Programs in a Virtual Learning Environment. see also [http://www.university18.edu.in] .

NetVarsity : The private-sector operation [[NetVarsity]] (part of NIIT) is also interesting.

=== Interesting Programmes ===

=== Re.ViCa Case-study ===

None.

== Lessons learnt ==

* Is there sometimes more chance of innovation from provincial initiatives than from national?

== References ==

# A study on Possibilities Of Virtual Campus For Distance Learners of Diploma Engineering Programmes In India - see http://www.formatex.org/micte2006/virtual/pdf/58.pdf
# National Knowledge Commission, ''Report to the Nation 2006-2009, Full Report'' - see http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/report2009/eng/report09.pdf
# National Knowledge Commission, ''Report to the Nation 2006-2009, Baseline (Annexure 1)'' - see http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/report2009/eng/5_Baseline.pdf

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Ramesh Sharma

2009-07-20T16:18:18Z

Rcsharma:

Ramesh Chandra Sharma holds a PhD in Education in the area of Educational Technology and has been working as Regional Director in [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]] (IGNOU) since 1996. Before joining IGNOU, Dr Sharma was a member at a Senior Faculty in a Teacher Training College for nearly ten years and taught Educational Technology, Educational Research and Statistics, Educational Measurement and Evaluation, Psychodynamics of Mental Health Courses for the B.Ed. and M.Ed. Programmes.

He has conducted many training programmes for the in- and pre-service teachers on the use of Multimedia in teaching and instruction, and established a Centre of ICT in the College he was working. He is a member of many committees on implementation of technology in the Open University. His areas of specialization include ICT applications, computer networking, online learning, student support services in open and distance learning, and teacher education.

He was a member of Advisory Group meeting on Human Resources Development for the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). He is the co-Editor of 'Asian Journal of Distance Education' (www.ASIANJDE.org) and Associate Editor for "International Journal of Distance Education Technologies” (IJDET), an Official Publication of the Information Resources Management Association: http://www.igi-global.com/journals/details.asp?ID=498&v=review_board. In addition to these, he is on the Editorial Advisory Board of “International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning”, online journal published by Athabasca University, Canada, (http://www.irrodl.org) , and “Indian Journal of Open Learning” published by IGNOU. He was on the Editorial Advisory Board of “Distance Education” published by Carfax Publishing, (http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/carfax/01587919.html ) an imprint of the international academic publishing house, the Taylor & Francis Group, UK for 2002-2003. He has co-authored a book on DISTANCE EDUCATION RESEARCH, co-edited a book entitled "Interactive Multimedia in Education and Training" and “Cases on Global E-Learning Pactices: Successes and Pitfalls” (Co-Editor Dr Sanjaya Mishra, both from IGI-Global, USA). He is also an Advisory Board Member and author for the "Encyclopedia of Distance Learning" (four-volume set) released by Idea Group Publishing. (http://www.idea-group.com/encyclopedia/details.asp?ID=4500&v=editorialBoard). He has further edited one book entitled, "Ethical Practices and Implications in Distance Learning" (2008: Co-Editor: Ugur Demiray) published from IGI-Global, USA.

In mid-2009 he became the Director of Distance Education at the Institute of Distance & Continuing Education of the University of Guyana in [[Guyana]].

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